Mood instability: significance, definition, and measurement & Positive moods are all alike? Differential affect amplification in hypomanic-like experiences

Question 1

mood instability prevalence

Answer 1

komt vaak voor, 13.9%

Question 2

risk factors voor mood instability

Answer 2

• female
• between 16-24
• depression, anxiety, ptsd, ocd, early phases of adhd

Question 3

waar is mood instability mee geassocieerd

Answer 3

-suicidal ideation

Question 4

er is niet echt consensus over de definitie, waardoor het lastig is om hier onderzoekn naar te doen. wat voor namen zijn er bijvoorbeeld

Answer 4

affective instability, emotional dysregulation, mood swings.

dit is het belangrijkste onderdeel van het artikel: er moet een duidelijk definitie komen!!!

Question 5

waarom is het lastig om mood instability te meten

Answer 5

• recall bias

Question 6

wat is een key feature of the bipolar disorder spectrum

Answer 6

positive mood amplification

Question 7

wat is een key mechanism in positive mood amplification

Answer 7

mental imagery

Question 8

wat was de conclusie

Answer 8

in young people with hypomanic like experiences (= high MDQ scores), there were greater increases in affect following elated imagery compared to calm imagery, but also higher increases in both affest scores ove rtime in both calm and elated conditions. in low MDQ group there was a modest decrease in positive affect over time. in the high MDQ group there were only increases in active-positive affect clusters and elated imagery condition.

Question 9

wat was de methode van die imagery studie

Answer 9

mental imagery training to generate vivid mental images, followed by a picture-word cue mental imagery generation taks. in this task they viewed pictures paired with phrases and were instructed to generate mental images combining both stimuli. then they rated their vividness, and the positive and negative affective schedule expanded form. dus steep and sustained increases affect over time during the positive imagery task.

Question 10

the findings of this study support the …. theory

Answer 10

emotional amplifier theory, which suggests that positive mental imagery can amplify mood differently depending on its content!

Question 11

in the high MDQ group maximum affect scores occured in the active-positive affect cluster during elated imagery, while in the low MDQ group overall positive mood declined across both imagery conditions.

Answer 11

oke

Question 12

hoe zou dit als therapie gebruikt kunnen worden?

Answer 12

• dampen elated mental imagery whilst promoting calm imagery, thereby flattening the curve during mania
• get a more positive mood during depressive states.