MOOD DISORDERS & MENTAL HEALTH Flashcards
When assessing a patient with severe depression, which of the following would the nurse identify as a cognitive alteration? A/ Powerlessness B/ Low self-esteem C/ Anxiety D/ Somatic Delusions
D/ Somatic Delusions
A somatic delusion is the false belief that the patient has some physical defect or disease. This is a cognitive alteration associated with depression. The other choices are affective alterations.
A client is undergoing electroconvulsive therapy. The patient should be carefully assessed for which of the following common adverse effects of treatment? A/ Dizziness and Blurred vision B/ Aggression and violent behaviour C/ Headache and memory loss D/ Palpitations and cardiac arrest
C/ Headache and memory loss
The most common adverse effects experienced after an ECT include headaches, confusion, and memory loss.
ECT induces a seizure, which can cause transient increases in blood pressure, pulse, and intracranial pressure. ECT causes numerous alterations in the CNS.
Which of the following statements made by a patient should the nurse recognize as a sign of transference while working alongside a patient?
A/ “I’m glad I lost my job, because not I don’t have to commute”
B/ “It’s amazing how much you remind me of my favourite teacher”
C/ “I drink so I can deal with my coworker”
D/ “I may not be good looking, but I do well at my job”
B/ “It’s amazing how much you remind me of my favourite teacher”
A patient with major depressive disorder is admitted for inpatient care. Which of the following is the primary goal during the admission assessment?
A/ Establishing desired outcomes for the client
B/ Administering antidepressants
C/ Collecting and organizing patient data
D/ Reviewing the policies for patient conduct
C/ Collecting and organizing patient data
Primary goal of patient admission assessment is to collect and organize objective and subjective data so patient problems and needs can be easily identified.
A patient diagnosed with Bipolar disorder is prescribed Lithium carbonate. When teaching the patient about the medication, which of these statements is a priority for the nurse to include?
A/ Follow a low calorie, low sodium diet to prevent weight gain
B/ Avoid dairy products while taking this medication
C/ Call the office right away if you experience any unusual bruising or bleeding
D/ Drink lots of fluids, especially if you are active during hot weather
D/ Drink lots of fluids, especially if you are active during hot weather
To avoid dehydration, patient must be instructed to drink 10-12 glasses of water each day. Lithium increases urine output and antagonizes the effects of antidiuretic hormone.
On the 5th day postpartum, a woman calls the nurse at the clinic and reports pronounced fatigue, sadness, and tearfulness. She states, “I feel so overwhelmed, and I don’t know what to do.”
Which of the following responses is most appropriate by the nurse?
A/ Is there a friend or relative that could come and help you care for your baby?
B/ Do you ever feel like hurting yourself or your baby?
C/ How much sleep have you been getting at night?
D/ Do you blame yourself for not being able to cope with motherhood?
B/ Do you ever feel like hurting yourself or your baby?
Postpartum depression may bring thoughts of self harm or harming others. This is a priority to asses the client and baby’s safety and whether the nurse needs to implement safety measures.
Feelings of fatigue, sadness, and tearfulness are common symptoms in postpartum period.
A client with major depression has been prescribed Fluoxetine. Which of the following reactions should the nurse expect the client to experience? A/ Bradycardia B/ Decreased Libido C/ Urinary retention D/ Weight loss
B/ Decreased Libido
Although the mechanisms for this effect are not totally understood, sexual dysfunction is one of the more common side effects in SSRIs for both men and women.
An assessment of a child reveals deficits in communication and social interaction. The child tends to arrange in repetitive behaviours like arranging and rearranging toys. Based on this assessment, the HCP suspects which of the following disorders?
A/ Autism
B/ Early onset Obsessive compulsive disorder
C/ Intellectual Developmental disorder
D/ Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD)
A/ Autism
Poor social interaction and communication abilities, along with repetitive behaviour is a sign of Autism.
A child recently diagnosed with ADHD is prescribed Methylphenidate (Ritalin) immediate release tablets. When teaching the parents about the medication, which of the following should the nurse include?
A/ The best time to give this medication is right before bed time
B/ Call the office if your child becomes dizzy because this medication can lower their blood pressure
C/ Give the medication daily, along with an evening meal
D/ We will need to periodically monitor your child’s weight and height.
D/ We will need to periodically monitor your child’s weight and height.
CNS stimulation can cause anorexia and insomnia. Because of these effects, growth patterns should be monitored closely and the medication should NOT be given in the evening. CNS stimulation will increase Blood pressure, not decrease it.
Immediate release tablets should be given 30-45 minutes before a meal.
Which of the following is a primary nursing intervention for a child diagnosed with ADHD and is at immediate risk for self-harm?
A/ Provide additional emotional support to increase self-esteem
B/ Provide one-to-one observation until risk has been resolved
C/ Encourage the patient to explore triggers for self-harm
D/ Work with the patient to develop a “No self-harm” pact
B/ Provide one-to-one observation until risk has been resolved
Although all these plans can be incorporated into their care plan, patient safety is of upmost importance. If they are at risk for harming themselves, then they must be observed until the risk of gone.
A patient with Tourette Syndrome receives RimabotulinumtoxinB (Myobloc) to treat a facial spasm. Which of the following health assessments are a priority? A/ Injection site formation B/ Swallowing ability C/ Heart rate and rhythm D/ Level of Consciousness
B/ Swallowing ability
The toxin in this medication can spread to and affect other muscles, including those used for swallowing. Assess the patient for dysphagia.
A 39-year-old is undergoing prenatal screening for Down Syndrome. Which of the following diagnostic tests will give the most accurate information about the probability of Down Syndrome? A/ Amniotic Fluid index B/ Ultrasound C/ Fetal Karyotype D/ Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP)
C/ Fetal Karyotype
A Karyotype is an organized profile of a person’s chromosomes, and can be obtained by amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling. An extra chromosome 21 seen in the Karyotype is a diagnostic of Down Syndrome.
A patient with Generalized Anxiety disorder reports ongoing nausea and abdominal bloating. A physical exam fails to confirm a medical illness to explain these symptoms. The nurse suspects these findings are the result of: A/ Derealization B/ Somatization C/ Dysthymia D/ Dissociation
B/ Somatization
The means of coping with psychosocial distress by developing physical symptoms. Dysthymia is a persistent depressive disorder that may occur together with anxiety and somatization. Derealization is a sense of detachment from reality. Dissociation is impaired awareness of one’s body, self, or environment and may include derealization.
A patient with severe agoraphobia is scheduled for an MRI of their brain. The nurse suspects the scan may show increased activity in which area of their brain? A/ Medulla B/ Parietal Lobe C/ Cerebellum D/ Amygdala
D/ Amygdala
Persons with anxiety-based disorders often demonstrate hyperactivity of the amygdala, insula and limbic systems. This part of the brain is a component of the patient’s “Fear circuitry”
