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PEL > Mood disorders > Flashcards

Mood disorders Flashcards

1
Q

When thinking about MOOD DISORDERS, what is the most basic distinction to think about?

A

Whether it is unipolar or bipolar

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2
Q

What’s the ‘meh’ form of sadness?

A

Dysthymia

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3
Q

What’s the name of being basically okay?

A

Euthymia

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4
Q

What is the main things that distinguishes normal vs clinical depression? (4)

A
  1. Intensity
  2. Absence of precipitants
  3. Quality
  4. Associated features (somatic, cognitive)
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5
Q

What led to the development of the DMDD condition in the DSM? (Disruptive Mood Dsyregulation Disorder)

A

The spike in diagnosis of bipolar in children

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6
Q

For MDE, what are the two things that must be present (one of)?

A

Depressed mood

Diminished pleasure

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7
Q

Why would a person with the ‘anxious distressed’ specifier of MDD not just get a diagnosis of anxiety?

A

Because they are only anxious in the context of their depression episodes

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8
Q

What is the leading cause of disability globally?

A

Depression

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9
Q

What is the rank of depression globally in ‘cause of years lived with disability’?

A

2

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10
Q

Is depression more common in rich or poor countries?

A

Same same

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11
Q

What percentage of people have a stable recovery from MDD?

A

~50%

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12
Q

Wth MDD, how many people exhibit a chronic course?

A

~15%

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13
Q

With MDD, how many people exhibit a recurrent course?

A

30-60%

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14
Q

For what subtype of MDD might you prescribe an SNRI?

A

Anhedonia types

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15
Q

What did we learn rom the STAR*D study?

A
  • If you fail medication once, you very unlikely to have another one work
  • the more treatments you fail, the more likely you are to fail other treatments
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16
Q

What percentage people who suicide have MDD?

A

60%

17
Q

What is the risk factor or suicidality for people with relatives who have suicided? Or with MDD?

A

OR 1.7-10.6

18
Q

What was PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER (PDD) a replacement for?

A

Dysthymia

19
Q

What is the treatment for PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER (PDD)?

A

Same like MDD

20
Q

Is PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER (PDD) more or less likely than MDD to be treatment resistant?

A

More

21
Q

Why is PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER (PDD) often under-treated?

A

Because it becomes part of the person’s everyday experience and so they don’t seek treatment

22
Q

What treatments are offered for PMDD?

A

SSRIs

Hormones

CBT

23
Q

What the heritability of unipolar depression?

A

40-70%

24
Q

First-degree relatives of depressed individuals have a risk of …% of also eveloping depression

A

5-25%

25
Q

Name a brain region apparently linked to depression

A

Hippocampus

But this is also linked to other psychiatric disorders

26
Q

How common are stressors in depressed patients?

A

2.5 x more likely

27
Q

What percentage of MDEs are preceded by major life event?

A

80%

28
Q

What is contained in Beck’s negative triad?

A

World

Self

Future

29
Q

What’s the different between Ellis and Beck?

A

Ellis goes hard into the schema

Beck goes to negative’s automatic events

30
Q

What are five depressogenic schemas that were on the slides?

A
  • Fear of losing control
  • Fear of abandonment
  • Social undesirability
  • Incompetence
  • Deserve to be punished
31
Q

What is the difference between bipolar I and Bipolar II

A

Bipolar II has not mania (only hypomania)

In Bipolar I you don’t HAVE to have a MDE

32
Q

Does mixed features appear in Bipolar I or Bipolar II?

A

Both!

33
Q

What is CYCLOTHYMIA?

A

Two years of low lying symptoms (neither extremes)

34
Q

What are the most common clinical features of BIPOLAR?

A

During manic episodes

  • Elevated or irritable mood
  • Excessive activity
  • Racing thoughts
  • Reduced need for sleep

During depressive episodes

  • Dysphoria with anhedonia
  • Suicidal ideation
  • Loss of energy
  • Poor concentration
  • Initial insomnia
  • Diminished libido
35
Q

What are the BIPOLAR classifiers

A
  • Mixed features:
  • Depressive and manic features present during same episode
  • Anxious distress
  • Significant anxiety
  • Catatonia (unusual movement)
  • Melancholic features (profound sadness)
  • ’Atypical’ features
  • Rapid cycling
36
Q

What are some linked between BIPOLAR and PSYCHOSIS type symptoms?

A
  • 89% had experienced psychotic symptoms
  • 20.5% experienced hallucinations
  • 85.7% had experienced delusions
37
Q

What is the best approach to treating BIPOLAR?

A

A mix of drugs and therapy

PEL (17 decks)

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