Monitoring Flashcards
Give 3 reasons why we monitor patients during anaesthesia
- Preventing the patient from responding to the surgery (e.g. pain)
- To detect abnormalities before they turn into major complications
- To maintain tissue perfusion and oxygenation => improve patient outcome
What 3 undesirable changes can anaesthetic drugs cause
Cardiac depression
Respiration depression
Decreased homeostasis
What organ is severely affected by decreased tissue perfusion
Kidney
Name 4 causes of compromised blood flow
Decreased BP
Reduced HR
Haemorrhaging
Anaemia
Name 5 causes of decreased oxygen in a patient
Reduced RR
Low HR
Pulmonary disease
Equipment failure
Obese patient on its back - too much pressure of diaphragm
Which area of the brain do we not want to suppress functions of during anaesthesia
Hindbrain
Which 3 “hypos” do we want to avoid during anaesthesia
Hypotension
Hypothermia
Hypoventilation
Name 4 ways we can establish the depth of anaesthesia
Jaw tone
Eye position
Palpebral reflex
Capnography
Which drug causes eye position to be an unhelpful tool of assessing depth of anaesthesia and why
Ketamine
Increases muscle tone so eye position often doesn’t change
Name 2 methods of monitoring temperature of an animal
Rectal temperature
Oesophageal temperature probe
Give 3 ways to monitor the cardiovascular system
HR and rhythm
MM colour and CRT
Bleeding from the surgical site
Why is it good to listen to the heart whilst palpating a pulse at the same time
Can help you to detect any deficits
e.g. pulse rate is less than the HR, peripheral pulse has an irregular rhythm
What does capillary refill time allow you to assess
Peripheral perfusion and oxygenation
What do very pink/red mucous membranes suggest
Sepsis
Anaesthetic drugs
Low MAP (mean arterial pressure)
What do very pales pink/white mucous membranes suggest
Anaemia
Inadequate blood flow
Alpha 2 agonists
