molecules of life Flashcards
what are the two molecules of life
water and macromolecules
what re the 4 macromolecules? polymers?
Carbohydrates- polymers
lipids- not polymers
proteins- polymers
nucleic acids- polymers
what are polymers
chains of monomers linked through polymerization (dehydration synthesis)
what are enzymes
a type of protein that makes reactions happen
(“ase”=enzyme)
what are proteins also known as
polypeptides due to the linking of peptide bonds
1st degree protein
straight link of an amino acid chain
2nd degree protein
“curled” amino acid chain
(Alpha helix and beta sheet due to hydrogen bonds)
3rd degree protein
folding of the curled protein shape
4th degree protein
combining of multiple proteins to form a complex protein
determinants of protein structure (2)
properties and order of the amino acids that form it
how many amino acids are there
20
how are amino acids linked
through covalent or peptide bonds
3 components of cell theory
1) all organisms are composed of 1 or more cells
2) the cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms
3) cells arise only from the cell division of pre-existing cells
why are cells small
many small cells maximize efficiency compared to fewer larger cells
