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Biochemistry > molecule basics > Flashcards

molecule basics Flashcards

1
Q

how do you determine the shape of a molecule

A

1) central atom and the number of its pouter electrons
2) add 1 electron for each bond formed
3) allow for ion changes
4) divide by 2 for electron pair around central
5) determine which are bonding or lone

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2
Q

what shape is 2 bonding pairs and no lone pairs

A

linear

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3
Q

what bond angles are in linear shape

A

180

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4
Q

what shape is 3 bonding pairs and no lone pairs

A

trigonal planar

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5
Q

what bond angles are in trigonal planar

A

120

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6
Q

what shape is 2 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair

A

bent

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7
Q

what bond angles does bent have

A

120 or 109.5

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8
Q

what shape is 4 bonding pairs and no lone pairs

A

tetrahedral

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9
Q

what bond angle does tetrahedral have

A

109.5

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10
Q

what is the shape of 2 bonding and 2 lone pairs

A

angular

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11
Q

what bond angles are angular

A

109.5

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12
Q

what shape is 5 bonding and no lone pairs

A

trignonal bipyramidal

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13
Q

what angles does trignonal bipyramidal have

A

90, 180, 120

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14
Q

what shape is 4 bonding and 1 lone pair

A

seesaw

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15
Q

what angles are seesaw

A

180, 120, 90

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16
Q

what shape is 3 bonding and 2 pairs

A

T shaped

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17
Q

what bond angles are t shaped

A

90, 180

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18
Q

what shape is 2 bonding and 3 lone pairs

A

linear

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19
Q

what shape is 6 bonding and no lone pairs

A

octahedral

20
Q

what bond angles are octahedral

A

90, 180

21
Q

what shape is 5 bond pairs and 1 lone pair

A

square pyramidal

22
Q

what bond angles are square pyramidal

A

90, 180

23
Q

what shape is 4 bonding and 2 lone pairs

A

square planar

24
Q

what are the bond angles for square planar

A

90, 180

25
Q

what shape is 7 bonding pairs

A

pentagonal bipyramidal

26
Q

what bond angles are pentagonal bipyramidal

A

90, 72, 180

27
Q

when is a molecule polar

A

when electromagnetically unequally distributes electrons causing delta positive and negative atoms

28
Q

what is the formula for alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

29
Q

what is the formula for alkenes

A

CnH2n

30
Q

what is the formula for alcohols

A

ROH

31
Q

what is the formula for aldehydes

A

RCHO

32
Q

what is the formula for ketones

A

RCOR’

33
Q

what is the formula for a carboxylic acid

A

RCOOH

34
Q

what is the formula for an ether

A

ROR’

35
Q

what is the formula for an ester

A

RCOOR’

36
Q

what is the formula for an amide

A

RCONR’

37
Q

what is the formula for an amine

A

RNH2

38
Q

what group is an alcohol in

A

hydroxyl

39
Q

what group is an aldehyde in

A

aldehyde

40
Q

what group is a ketone in

A

carbonyl

41
Q

what group is a carboxylic acids in

A

carboxyl

42
Q

what group is an ether in

A

ether

43
Q

what group is an ester in

A

ester

44
Q

what group is an amide in

A

carboxamide

45
Q

what group are amines in

A

amines (primary, secondary, tertiary)

Biochemistry (10 decks)

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