cell organelles

Question 1

what happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution

Answer 1

water enters the cell and it expands and bursts

Question 2

what happens to a cell in an isotonic solution

Answer 2

nothing

Question 3

what happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution

Answer 3

water leaves the cell and it shrinks

Question 4

what is the structure of the nucleus

Answer 4

• double membrane called nuclear envelope = selectively permeable

Question 5

function of nucleus

Answer 5

stores genetic information that controls cell metabolism and reproduction

Question 6

structure of the nucleolus

Answer 6

subspace in the nucleus that isn’t bound by a membrane

Question 7

function of the nucleolus

Answer 7

ribosome synthesis

Question 8

structure of cell surface membrane

Answer 8

fluid mosaic model of phospholipid bilayer

Question 9

function of cell surface membrane

Answer 9

separates internal and external environment. is selectively permeable for exchange

Question 10

structure of the golgi

Answer 10

stacks of flattened membranous disks

Question 11

function of the golgi

Answer 11

packing proteins from the RER into vesicles by tagging sugar molecules

Question 12

structure of the RER

Answer 12

network of membranous calans filled with fluid an lined with ribosomes. fold = lumen

Question 13

function of the RER

Answer 13

central role in synthesis and modification

Question 14

structure of the SER

Answer 14

networ of membranous canals that don’t have ribosomes

Question 15

function of the SER

Answer 15

It makes lipids and steroids. Also responsible for detoxifying the cell.

Question 16

structure of ribosomes

Answer 16

small particles that are free in the cytopplasm

Question 17

function of ribosomes

Answer 17

protein synthesis

Question 18

structure of mitochondria

Answer 18

double bounded membrane with inner and outer membrane. Space between the inner and the matrix is called the intermembrane space.

Question 19

function of mitochondria

Answer 19

site of ATP production

Question 20

structure of lyosomes

Answer 20

Spheres full of enzymes that hydrolyze materials to reuse.

Question 21

function of lysosomes

Answer 21

break down what is in the center

Question 22

structure of microfilaments

Answer 22

Thinnest part of the cytoskeleton and is made of actin

Question 23

function of microfilaments

Answer 23

Roles in cytokinesis, movement and changes in shape.

Question 24

structure of centrioles

Answer 24

Hollow cylindrical structure with nine microtubule triplets.

Question 25

function of centrioles

Answer 25

The nucleation points for spindle formation during mitosis and meiosis.

Question 26

structure of vacuoles

Answer 26

Fluid filled organelles enclosed by a membrane

Question 27

function of vacuoles

Answer 27

Stores materials like sugars, ions, water, minerals, and waste products

Question 28

structure of vesicles

Answer 28

lipid bilayer to have a self-contained environment

Question 29

function of vesicles

Answer 29

Used to transport materials. Also used in metabolism and enzyme storage.

Question 30

structure of cytoplasm

Answer 30

jelly-like substance composed of mainly water that is the main body of the cell.

Question 31

function of cytoplasm

Answer 31

Organelles are found here an substances like salts are dissolved here so is the site of cellular activity.

Question 32

structure of microtubules

Answer 32

Small tubes made from protein tubulin

Question 33

function of microtubules

Answer 33

cell movement, provide pathways or secretory vesicles, cell division

Question 34

compare genetic organisation of euk an pro

Answer 34

``` pro= circular DNA euk = linear DNA chromosomes ```

Question 35

compare compartmentation of pro and euk

Answer 35

``` pro= cell membrane euk= plasma membrane ```

Question 36

compare metabolic organisation of pro and euk

Answer 36

pro and euk = cytoplasm

Question 37

compare protein synthesis of pro an euk

Answer 37

both ribsomes

Question 38

compare protein/ lipid transport in pro and euk

Answer 38

``` pro= cytoplasm euk= endomembrane systems ```

Question 39

compare energy metabolism in pro and euk

Answer 39

``` pro= cytoplasm and cell membrane euk= mitochondria ```

Question 40

compare cell structure and transport

Answer 40

``` pro= proteins in cytoplasm euk= protein filaments in cytoplasm ```

Question 41

compare cell mobility in pro and euk

Answer 41

``` pro= flagella euk= flagella and cilia ```

Question 42

compare cell water balance in pro and plant

Answer 42

both cell wall

Question 43

what is Schwann cell theory

Answer 43

- All living things are composed of cells and cell products - Cell is a membrane bound structure and contains a nucleus - The cell is the basic unit of structure and organisation