Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NUTR 203 > Module 9- Vitamins > Flashcards

Module 9- Vitamins Flashcards

Final Exam

1
Q

Where are fat soluble vitamins found?

A

liver and fat cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How long is the storage in the body for fat soluble vitamins (longer or shorter)?

A

longer period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How long is the storage in the body for water soluble vitamins?

A

shorter period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

RAE

A

Retinal Activity Equivalent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Preformed Vitamin A

A

ready to use
Found in animal-based or fortified foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Provitamin A

A

converted to active form as needed
- plant-based foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Functions of Vitamin A

A

Crucial to normal vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Early stages of deficiency of Vitamin A

A

Night blindness
reversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

long term vitamin A deficiency

A
  • Xerophthalmia
  • Permanent loss of vision
  • disease resistance
  • integrity of epithelial cells
  • cell differentiation
  • gene regulation
  • bone metabolism -
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Symptoms of Vitamin A toxicity include:

A
  • liver damage
  • birth defects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

another name for Vitamin D

A

cholecalciferol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is vitamin D classified as?

A

a vitamin, hormone, and steroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Functions of Vitamin D

A
  • Regulation of calcium metabolism
    -stimulates kidneys to conserve calcium
  • stimulates calcium release from bone to …
  • vitamin D stimulates cells of small intestine to produce calbindin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does vitamin D stimulate to produce?

A

vitamin D stimulates cells of small intestine to produce calbindin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where do we get our vitamin D from?

A

fortified foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the steps the human body takes to make their own vitamin D?

A
  1. Cholesterol in skin combines with ultraviolet rays
  2. Converted into precursor of vitamin D
  3. Eventually makes it way to the kidneys
    - converted to active form D3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Vitamin D deficiency in children

A
  • Rickets
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Vitamin D deficiency in adults

A
  • Osteomalacia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Vitamin D toxicity

A
  • not common
  • occurs from overuse in supplements
  • leads to the calcification of soft tissues
  • nausea, vomiting, diarrhea may occur
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where is Vitamin E found?

A
  • Fat soluble vitamin found in cell membrane
21
Q

What is the active form of Vitamin E?

A

tocopherols

22
Q

Functions of Vitamin E

A
  • acts as an antioxidant
  • enhances immune function
  • required for nerve cell development
23
Q

As an antioxidant, vitamin E fights against:

A
  • Vitamin E will donates an electron to neutralize free radicals
  • Free radicals
24
Q

Condition resulting from vitamin E deficiency?

A

Anemia

25
Q

Vitamin C is the only vitamin where there is an increase need in who?

A

Smokers, because Vitamin C blocks Vitamin K

26
Q

Vitamin C deficiency

A
  • Scurvy
  • Anemia
  • Scorbutic Rosary
27
Q

Scorbutic Rosary

A

malformation of connective tissue due to low collagen status.

28
Q

What is the active form of Vitamin B1?

A

Thiamin

29
Q

What is the RDA for Vitamin B1?

A
  • 1.2 mg per day for males
  • 1.1 mg per day for females
30
Q

Thiamin deficiency occurs in?

A

alcoholics and malnourished individuals

31
Q

Severe thiamin deficiency in alcoholics

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

32
Q

What is the active form of Vitamin B2?

A

Riboflavin

33
Q

RDA for Riboflavin:

A
  • 1.3 mg per day for males
  • 1.1 mg per day for females
34
Q

Riboflavin deficiency frequently occurs in:

A

conjunction with other water-soluble vitamin deficiencies

35
Q

What is the active form of Vitamin B3?

A

Niacin

36
Q

What is the purpose of Vitamin B3?

A

Used in synthesis of fatty acids

37
Q

RDA for Niacin?

A
  • 16 mg per day for males
  • 14 mg per day for females
38
Q

Niacin deficiency:

A

Leads to a condition called:
- Pellagra: “the 4 D’s”
- diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, death

39
Q

Niacin toxicity:

A

“Niacin flush”

39
Q

What is the key function of Vitamin B6?

A

Transamination: synthesis of non-essential amino acids

40
Q

What are other functions of Vitamin B6?

A
  • Production of the neurotransmitter serotonin
  • Hemoglobin synthesis
40
Q

What is the active form of Vitamin B9?

A

Folate

41
Q

Important functions of vitamin B9?

A
  • Cell division
  • Red blood cells synthesis
  • Central nervous system formation during fetal development.
42
Q

Folate deficiency:

A
  • Macrocytic anemia- “Large cell” anemia
43
Q

Folate deficiency during pregnancy and conception:

A
  • Spina bifida: failure of spinal cord to close completely
  • Anencephaly: lack of or incomplete development of brain and skull
    > together these are known as Neural Tube defects
44
Q

What is the active form of vitamin B12?

A

Cobalamin

45
Q
A
45
Q
A

NUTR 203 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions