Module 9: Enzymatic Reactions Flashcards
Test 3
What are the 6 types of reactions?
- Acid/base
- substitution
- elimation
- Addition
- REDOX
- isomerization
What do all reactions require?
A nucleophile and an electrophile
What do catalyst do?
Increase the rate of a reaction by lowering energy of activation (amount of energy needed for reaction)
What does spontaneity consist of?
Entropy (disorder)
Enthalpy (energy)
Temperature
If Delta(G) is ______ then the reaction is spontaneous and doesn’t need a catalyst.
negative
If Delta(G) is ______ then the reaction is not spontaneous and needs a catalyst.
positive
What are the 2 types of Acid/Base reactions?
Bronsted-Lowry
Lewis-Acids
Describe Acid/Base Reactions
Bronsted-Lowry: Will have Hydrogens
Will have a (+) Acids or (-) Base ion as the products
Lewis acids: Deals with electrons
–Will have a cation and anion interacting as products
Describe Substitution reactions
USES: ATP/ADP/GTP/GDP
-Replacing a H on an aromatic ring
-adding a nucleophile to an electrophile
-adding carbonyl contains group to sulfonate/phosphonate group
Describe Elimination reactions
Removing something
Normally results in a Double bond
Describe Addition reactions
Adding something
normally results in an alcohol
Describe REDOX reactions
USES: NADH/NAD
Increase in O/N bonds
Decrease in H bonds
Decrease in O/N bonds
Increase in H bonds
Describe Isomerization reaction
All same items
a section is just repositioned
What is the suffix for an enzyme?
-ase
What does a cofactor do?
Non-protein
Binds to enzymes to active it to allow substrates to bind to the enzyme
