Module 11: Acids & Bases Flashcards
Test 4
A proton donor is an ________
Acid
A proton acceptor is a _________
base
T/F: water can act as a acid or base
T
A base produces a conjugate ________
acid
an acid produces a conjugate ________
base
What is a strong acid/base?
An acid/base that will completely ionize when dissolved in water
What are the strong acids?
Need to memorize them all 6
HCl
HBr
HI
HNO3
HClO4
H2SO4
What is a weak acid/base?
An acid/base that will partially ionize when dissolved in water
Most drugs are _______ acid/bases
weak
Strong acids have ______ conjugate bases
weak
Weak acids have _______ conjugate bases
strong
Bases and acids always have _______ pairs
conjugate
What does equilibrium mean?
The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the right of the reverse reaction
What formation does equilibrium favor?
weaker acid
What does ionize mean?
To break apart into its ion
To completely dissociate
What are my strong bases?
LiOH
NaOH
KOH
Sr(OH)2
Ca(OH)2
Ba(OH)2
Is NH3 a weak base or a weak acid?
Weak base
K =
is a constant
= Products/reactants
Describe Kw
Water constant
measure of self ionization of water
H2O + H2O < == > H3O + OH-
Kw = 1.0 x 10^(-14)
pH + pOH =
14
Desciribe Acid/Base pH
Acids <7
Base >7
Neutral = 7
What are some basic items from 14 to 7?
NaOH (sodium hydroxide)
Household ammonia
toothpaste
baking soda
What has around a neutral pH?
pure water
What are some acidic items from 7 to 0?
urine
black coffee
cola/vinegar
gastric juices
HCl (hydrochloric acid)
What is normal phyisological pH?
7.35 - 7.45
In the human body, what pH ranges are considered acidotic? alkalotic?
Acidotic: below 7.35
Alkalotic: above 7.45
At what pH do we expect death?
Below 7.00
above 7.8
The pH scale is based off factors of _____ times.
10
If your pH goes from 6.00 to 7.00, what is happening to the body?
The body has become 10 times MORE BASIC or 10 times LESS ACIDIC
What is the pKa of water?
16
What is the pKa scale range?
-20 to >60
What does a lower pKa mean?
More acidic
Easier to remove a proton (proton donor)
What does it mean if something has a pKa above or below water?
pKa of water is 16
if lower than 16: can undergo acid-base reactions w/ hydroxide
if above: cannot
