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Chemistry > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the names of the 3 formula types?

A

Empirical
Molecular
Structural

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2
Q

What is the empirical formula? Give an example.

A

Simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound
Ex) C2H3 (4-C and 6-H but simplified ratio)

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3
Q

What is the molecular formula? Give an example.

A

Exact number of each atom in a compound
Ex) C4H6

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4
Q

What is the structural formula? What makes this formula different?

A

This shows the structure of the atoms. You are able to see exactly how many atoms of each element are present, where they are located, and how they are bonded.

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5
Q

What is the general order formula for organic compounds?

A

CHXNOS
X = Halogens

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6
Q

What is the general order formula for non organic compounds?

A

The less electric atoms are listed first

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7
Q

What are atomic elements? What is an example.

A

They exist in nature with single atoms
Au/Ag

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8
Q

What are molecular elements? What is an example.

A

Elements that exist in nature as a molecule (not a single atom)
Ex) O2

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9
Q

What is a Diatomic?

A

Molecule that has 2 atoms

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10
Q

What is a polyatomic?

A

Molecule that has more than 2 atoms

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11
Q

What are the two types of compounds? and why is it important to know how to differentiate between them?

A

Molecular and Ionic (Monatomic and polyatomic)
It is important to know how to differentiate between the 2 because the naming for these types of compounds are different

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12
Q

What is a molecular compound?

A

Consists of 2 or more nonmetals

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13
Q

What is a ionic compound?

A

Consist of a metal and a nonmetal (cation - and anion +)

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14
Q

In an Ionic compound formula, the charges must always _______

A

cancel

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15
Q

What are the predictable charges?

A

Group 1: +1
Group 2: +2
Group 17: -1
Group 16: -2
Group 15: -3
Al+3
Zn+2
Ag+1

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16
Q

What is the chemical formula for the compounds formed:
Sodium and Bromine
Lithium and Sulfur
Magnesium and Nitrogen

A

-NaBr
-Li 2 S
-Mg 3 N 2

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17
Q

How do you name Binary Compounds?

A
  1. Has to be 2 predictable ions
  2. Name of metal + Base name of nonmetal -ide
18
Q

Name the following compounds:
LiC2H3O2
Mg(OH)2
Al2(SO4)3
BaCr2O7

A

Lithium acetate
Magnesium hydroxide
Aluminum sulfate
Barium dichromate

19
Q

How do you name compounds with polyatomic ions?

A

Metal + polyatomic ion

20
Q

What is the formula used in finding the cation charge in compounds with transition metals?

A

Cation charge = -(anion subscript)(anion charge) / (cation subscript)

21
Q

How is the charge on the cation indicated with transition metals?

A

Roman numerals

22
Q

Name the compounds:
CrBr3
FeO
Fe2O3

A

Chromium (III) bromide
Iron (II) oxide
Iron (III) oxide

23
Q

What is binary molecular compounds naming with?

A

2 non metals

24
Q

How do you name a binary molecular compound?

A

Prefix+name of first element prefix+base name of second element -ide

25
Q

Mono

A

1

26
Q

Di

A

2

27
Q

Tri

A

3

28
Q

Tetra

A

4

29
Q

Penta

A

5

30
Q

Hexa

A

6

31
Q

Hepta

A

7

32
Q

Octa

A

8

33
Q

Nona

A

9

34
Q

Deca

A

10

35
Q

Name the compounds:
NI3
PCl5
P4S10
N2O5

A

Nitrogen triiodide
Phosphorous pentachloride
tetraphosphorous decasulfide
dinitrogen pentaoxide

36
Q

T/F: We reduce subscripts on molecular formulas to the nearest whole number

A

False; we do not reduce

37
Q

How do you identify and name a binary acid?

A

H + anion (non metal)
No oxygen present

Hydro + base name -ic

38
Q

How do you identify and name an oxoacid?

A

H + oxyanion (polyatomic anion containing an oxygen)

-ate = base name -ic acid
-ite = base name +ous acid

39
Q

What acid can dissolve a body or gold?

A

Chloric acid

40
Q

Name the following acids:

HC2H3O2
HNO2
H3PO4
H2CrO4

A

Acetic acid
Nitrous acid
Phosporic acid
Chromic acid

41
Q

Provide the chemical formula for the compounds

Tin (IV) Sulfate
Triphosphorous pentaiodide
Sodium sulfate
Perchloric acid

A

Sn(SO4)2
P3I5
Na2SO4
HClO4

Chemistry (13 decks)

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