Module 8: Urinary System

Question 1

Kidney

Answer 1

protected by adipose tissue, and dense connective tissue capsule
Cortex
Medulla (lobules that extend into renal pelvis; funnel-like calyces collect urine)

Question 2

Nephron function

Answer 2

filtration, excretion and reabsorption

Question 3

Nephron consists of

Answer 3

renal tubule and corpuscle

Collecting duct is not a part of the nephron

Question 4

part of nephron found in cortex

Answer 4

renal corpuscle, DCT, PCT

Question 5

Part of nephron found in medulla

Answer 5

loop of Henle

Question 6

Renal corpuscle

Answer 6

Bowman’s capsule
Glomerulus

blood supply enters and leaves at vascular pole; Afferent arteriole supplies the glomerulus, efferent arteriole drains the glomerulus

Urinary pole is the entrance to the PCT

Question 7

Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

Answer 7

longest segment
comes from urinary pole of corpuscle
Turns into loop of henle
Wide and cuboidal cells with brush border of microvilli

Cells reabsorb water, na, cl, gluc etc
Actively excrete drugs and dyes into filtrate

Question 8

Loop of Henle (4 regions)

Answer 8

Straight part (pars recta); thick desending portion
Thin descending portion which loops
Thin ascending portion
Thick ascending portion (vas recta) which becomes DCT

Question 9

Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

Answer 9

in cortex
Wider lumen than PCT; no microvilli/brush border
More Na resorption occurs
DCT merges with collecting tubules

Question 10

Collecting tubules

Answer 10

mostly in medulla
cuboidal to columnar cells
Reabsorb water
Branches merge into larger collecting ducts which bring ruin to ureters
Not part of the nephron