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Biology > module 8 notecards > Flashcards

module 8 notecards Flashcards

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1
Q

dominant gene

A

shows itself when two opposing characteristics are present

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2
Q

recessive gene

A

hidden unless two recessive genes are present

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3
Q

allele

A

one pair of genes– for example: T or t

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4
Q

genotype

A

two allele sets, the genes you have actually have (TT, Tt, TT)

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5
Q

homozygous genotype

A

both alleles are the same (TT or tt)

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6
Q

heterozygous

A

one allele is dominant, the other recessive (Tt)

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7
Q

phenotype

A

what it looks like or gene expressing itself

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8
Q

diploid cells

A

cells with full set of chromosomes

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9
Q

haploid cells (gametes)

A

sex cells with half sets of chromosomes

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10
Q

sperm cell+ ovum cell=

A

diploid cell

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11
Q

Gregor Mendel

A

father of genetics

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12
Q

monohybrids

A

combining one trait between two individuals

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13
Q

pedigree

A

diagram that follows a phenotype they several generations

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14
Q

dihybrids

A

combining two traits between two individuals

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15
Q

autosomes

A

all chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual (1-22 in humans)

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16
Q

sex chromosomes

A

chromosomes that do determine the sex of an individual (23 for humans)

17
Q

sex linked traits

A

traits that only travel in the sex chromosomes (X^h)

18
Q

polygenetic inheritance

A

trait that results from several chromosome genes interacting (eye color— 15 + 19)

19
Q

incomplete dominance

A

neither allele is dominant so they blend together

20
Q

codominance

A

both alleles are present in equal strength (blood type AB)

21
Q

Mandela 4 principles:

A

a) traits are determined by genes
b) 2 alleles make up the genotype for a trait
c) each parent contributes 1 allele per trait to offspring
D) if a dominant trait is present, it will be expressed

22
Q

antigen

A

protein jersey covering on your blood cells

Biology (14 decks)

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