Module 8 Lec 4 Flashcards
What type of genome do mitochondria and chloroplasts have?
They carry their own genome.
What is the function of chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts capture solar energy and store it in carbohydrates.
What do mitochondria do?
Mitochondria release energy from glucose and convert it to ATP.
Where is the mitochondrial genome located?
The mitochondrial genome lies within the matrix of the organelle in structures called nucleoids.
Do mitochondria have multiple genomes?
Yes, mitochondria can have more than one genome.
What type of genes are included in the mitochondrial genome?
Mitochondrial genes include some for oxidative phosphorylation.
Are mitochondrial genomes large or small?
Mitochondrial genomes are compact and vary in size.
Where was RNA editing first discovered?
RNA editing was first discovered in trypanosomes (protozoa).
In which organisms is RNA editing found besides trypanosomes?
RNA editing is also found in some plants and fungi.
What happens during RNA editing in mitochondria
A precursor mRNA is modified by the insertion or deletion of bases.
How does RNA editing affect mRNA?
The translated mRNA does not match the DNA sequence after RNA editing.
Is the genetic code universal across all organisms?
No, there is no universal mitochondrial (Mt) code for all organisms.
Which organisms use the universal mitochondrial genetic code?
Mitochondria of higher plants use the universal code.
