Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BMA - SEMESTER 2 > Module 8 > Flashcards

Module 8 Flashcards

1
Q

what does the lymphoid system include

A
  1. Lymphatic system
  2. Lymphoid organs + tissues
  3. WBC
  4. Cytokines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

list possible pathogens

A
  • bacteria
  • viruses
  • fungi
  • algae
  • toxic products
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

list the lymphatic system components

A
  • capillaries
  • vessels
  • lymph
  • lymph nodes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

functions of the lymphatic system

A
  • circulates body fluids
  • removes foreign materials from body fluids
  • transports WBC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lymph

A

white milky protein containing excess interstitial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

lymphatic capillaries

A

permeable one way flaplike mini valves that permit the entry of interstitial fluid, ions, WBC, foreign materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lymphatic Vessels

A

carry lymph from peripheral tissues through the lymphatic ducts back to the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

lymphedema

A

fluid accumulates in the tissue causing swelling due to the blockage of lymphatic drainage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

lymph nodes

A

contain WBC that capture and destroy foreign materials and activate an immune response to destroy
(located along lymphatic vessels)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Primary Lympphoid Organs

A

sites where stem cells differentiate into the various WBC of the lymphoid system e.g. red bone marrow and thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Secondary Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

A
  • contains WBC
  • sites where foreign materials become trapped and destroyed or immune response generated

e.g. lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

White Blood Cells

A

Found in blood, lymph, lymphoid organs and tissues

protects body from foreign materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cytokines

A

produced and secreted by WBC

chemical messengers that recruit and activates WBC

e.g. interferons, IL1 IL2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 main immune defences

A
  1. Innate (non specific) defences

2. Adaptive (Specific) defences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 2 different types of innate defences

A

1st line = surface barriers

2nd line = internal defences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a type of adaptive defences

A

3rd line = immune response

17
Q

Innate defences

A

present at birth and provides immediate protection against any type of foreign material entering and spreading

18
Q

surface barriers

A

an innate defence which presents foreign material from entering the body including physical and chemical barriers

19
Q

list physical barriers (surface barriers)

A
  • skin (intact keratinise epithelial membrane = formidable barrier)
  • accessory structures e.g. hair and tile
  • normal flora (take up space and nutrients required by pathogens)
20
Q

list chemical barriers (surface barriers)

A
  • sweat
  • saliva
  • tears
  • mucus
  • gastric juice
21
Q

Internal Defences

A

prevent foreign materials becoming systematic and spreading throughout the body

eg. macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, Interferons, Complement, Inflammation, Fever

22
Q

Internal Defences - Macrophages and Neutrophils

A

phagocytic cells that:

  • migrate to cite of infection
  • adere to materials
  • engulf foreign
  • internalise foreign
  • destroy
23
Q

Internal Defences - Natural Killer Cells (NK)

A

destroy virus infected & cancerous cells

  • recognise
  • adhere
  • destroy

via the release of performs and granzymes

24
Q

NK CELLS - performs

A

create pores in target cell membrane, allowing entry of granzymes

25
Q

NK cells - Granzymes

A

induce apoptosis (program the cell to die)

26
Q

Internal Defences - Interferons

A

group of specific cytokines produced by WBC

  • inhibit viral replication & reduces spread of infection
  • activate macrophages and NK cells to destroy
27
Q

Internal Defences - Complement

A

a large group of proteins that

  • recruit macrophages and neutrophils
  • enhance phagocytosis by opsonisation (sticky and tasty)
  • directly destroy target cells by forming a membrane attack complex = cell lysis
  • enhances inflammatory response
28
Q

Internal Defences - Inflammation

A
  1. localise and contain foreign material
  2. dispose of foreign material and tissue debris
  3. repair the damaged tissue
29
Q

impact of release of inflammatory chemicals

A
  • dilation of arterioles
  • capillaires = leaky
  • attract macrophages and neutrophils
30
Q

impact of dilation of arterioles after the release of inflammatory chemicals

A
  • brings complement proteins
  • clotting factors
  • macrophages and neutrophils to area

BMA - SEMESTER 2 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions