Module 7b: The neck Flashcards
Pharynx
Fibromuscular tube that extends from the base of the skull to upper esophageal sphincter
What three constrictor muscles form the fibromuscular walls of the pharynx?
- Superior pharyngeal constrictor
- Middle pharyngeal constrictor
- Inferior pharyngeal constrictor
Upper esophageal sphincter
Formed by lower part of inferior constrictor muscle; prevents reflux of food into airway and prevents air from entering digestive tract
Divisions of pharynx
- Nasopharynx
- Oropharynx
- Laryngopharynx
Chonae of nasopharynx
How nasopharynx communicates with nasal cavity anteriorly
Lateral walls of nasopharynx
Openings to eustachian tubes
Roof of nasopharynx
Collection of lymphatic tissue (pharyngeal tonsil)
Pharyngeal isthmus
Allows for communication of nasopharynx w oropharynx
Oropharynx
Communicates anteriorly with oral cavity through the oropharyngeal isthmus
Fold of mucous membranes in oropharynx
- Palatoglossal arch
- Palatopharyngeal arch
Palatine tonsil
Located bwtn folds of oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Extends from oropharynx to esophagus
Laryngeal inlet
Opens into anterior wall of laryngopharynx
Piriform recesses
Formed by cavity of laryngopharynx; extends anteriorly on each side of laryngeal inlet
Function of piriform recesses
Direct food from oral cavity to either side of laryngeal inlet, towards the esophagus
Choking
Blockage of upper airway by an object usually above the vocal folds
Symptoms of choking
Irregular breathing/coughing
High pitched wheezing/no breathing
Blue lips
Vestibular and vocal ligaments
Enclosed by respective folds (vestibular fold and vocal fold)
True vocal fold
Vocal fold
False vocal fold
Vestibular fold
Cricothyroid ligament
Originates from upper border of cricoid cartilage and extends superiorly where its upper margin forms vocal ligament
Arytenoid cartilage
Back of larynx, close vocal folds during swallowing and change tension of vocal cords for sound production
Action of vocal folds during respiration
Abduct vocal folds
Action of vocal folds during swallowing
Adduct vocal folds