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Biology > Module 7 Sleep > Flashcards

Module 7 Sleep Flashcards

1
Q

What is absent in poor sleepers

A

K complexes

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2
Q

What does k complex do

A

Protects sleep

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3
Q

Which stage of sleep is the most critical for waking up feeling refreshed

A

Stage 3

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4
Q

Explain the final stage of sleep R.E.M. rapid eye movements

A

Brain becomes highly active
High wave frequency
Eyes flick
Times of night when you are most likely to fully wake
Tiny area in brain that blocks signals to muscles
When you dream

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5
Q

Babies spend what amount of time in which sleep

A

50% in REM sleep

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6
Q

Babies of three months spend how much time in R.E.M. sleep

Drops to what percentage at 6 months

A

30%

20%

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7
Q

What amount of sleep is spent in R.E.M. in early adulthood and early childhood

A

2 hours adulthood

8 hours childhood

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8
Q

What amount of time is spent in R.E.M. in over 70s

A

45 minuets

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9
Q

Less sleep can result in what

A 
Weight gain
Hormone secretion 
Moods
Poor Willpower 
Bigger Appetite
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10
Q

How many sleep cycles will most people experience per night if rested well

A

5-6

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11
Q

Each sleep cycle lasts approximately how long?

A

90 mins

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12
Q

R.E.M. sleep seems important for what

A

Infant (and there developments) learning

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13
Q

Each sleep stage has a specific purpose Stage 2 seems to be important for?
Stage 3 for?

A

Memories and sleep protection

Rejuvenation

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14
Q

Waking during stage 1 and 3 leads to?

A

Worst sleep inertia

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15
Q

The three main theories as to why we sleep are refers to as what names

A

Restoration
Synaptic plasticity
Energy conservational

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16
Q

How many different brainwaves does the brain have

Name them in lowest frequency

A

5

Delta theta alpha beta gamma

17
Q

Which neuronal projection below is involved in receiving information
Axon
Flagella
Dendrite

A

dendrite

18
Q

Sleep is mediated by what two things in the body

A 
Circadian rhythm(governed by theSuprachiasmatic nuclei)
Homeostat pathway
19
Q

Which stage is referred to as deep sleep

A

Stage 3

20
Q

Which wave type indicates the highest activity
Delta
Gamma
Beta

A

Gamma

21
Q

Which sleep stage is most responsible for adenosine and fatigue clearance

A

Nrem3

22
Q

Which stage of sleep are you completely paralysed

A

R.E.M.

23
Q

The human circadian rhythm naturally dips at what times

A

2 to 3am and 2 to 3pm

24
Q

In what stage of sleep is your urine production switched off

A

R.E.M.

25
Q

How does caffeine effect you

A

Blocks adenosine receptors and create a mood boosting effect

26
Q

More than two glasses of Alcohol does what to R.E.M. sleep

A

Eliminates it

27
Q

If you don’t sleep enough what do you get a build up of

A

Adenosine

28
Q

What are the positive effects of going outside during the morning and course of the day

A

Neurotransmitter melatonin is released early in the evening to help you feel sleepy

29
Q

What job does the SCN do

A

Regulates the internal clock of every cell within your body

30
Q

Which area of the brain is involved in adenosine buildup

A

The frontal cortex

31
Q

Which gland releases the melatonin

A

Pineal

32
Q

SCN is referred to as what and receives information from the what

A

The master body clock

Retina

33
Q

SCN is in what part of the brain

A

Hypothalamus

34
Q

Each neuron has these

3

A

Mitochondria
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
And other organelles

35
Q

What neurotransmitters are released when a signal crosses the presynaptic neuron

A

GABA
Dopamine
Melatonin

36
Q

Synchronised electrical pulses from masses of neurons is called

A

Brainwaves

37
Q

R.E.M. sleep is activated by two neurotransmitters called

And in which area of the brain

A

Acetylcholine
Melatonin

Pans area

38
Q

What are the two proteins called inside your SCN

They translate into two protein genes called

A

CLOCK
BMAL1

CRY
PER

Biology (12 decks)

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