Module 2 Summary Flashcards

1
Q

Fats are digested as what?

Because they are made up of what?

A

Triglycerides

Three fatty acids

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2
Q

Triglycerides are fatty acids bound to a ?

A

Glycerol backbone

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3
Q

Which of the following are taken to the liver and stored as glycogen or use them up or taken to the blood
Carbs
Protein
Fat

A

Carbs and protein

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4
Q

Fats enter the blood as ?

A

Chylomicrons

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5
Q

Blood glucose and amino acid levels are controlled by what 2 things?

A

Insulin and glucagon

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6
Q

What is the recommended fat intake percentage

A

Less than <35% of total calories looks like an L for less than

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7
Q

What amount of the following in percentage makes up the 35 fat intake

A
Monounsaturated 13%
Saturated 11%
Polyunsaturated 6.5%
Trans fats 2%
Omega 3   0.6%
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8
Q

List Macronutrients

A

Protein
Carb
Fat
Alcohol

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9
Q

Micronutrients are what

A

Vitamin and minerals

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10
Q

How many calories do protein and carb have per gram

A

4

This is an average

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11
Q

How many calories does fat have per grams

A

9

This is a average

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12
Q

How many calories does alcohol have per gram

A

7

This is an average

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13
Q

How does an enzyme break up a macronutrient

A

It binds through the structure by breaking the bond between the two blocks and ends up a free amino acid

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14
Q

What is the main place for nutrient absorption and digestion

A

The small intestine (the duodenum)

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15
Q

Explain three of dietary protein functions within the body

A

To build and maintain skeletal muscle,synthesise enzymes

Build white cells

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16
Q

Explain 4 fat functions within the body

A

Give every cell an outer membrane
To improve the absorption of vitamins ADEK
storage to help keep you warm
Storage of usable energy

17
Q

Explain 2 carbohydrates functions within the body

A

An energy source

Some cells can only use carbohydrates to function

18
Q

What is the problem when only counting calories and not macronutrients

A

You can have too many of one macronutrients so your not getting what your body needs and can lead to negative consequences of your health and energy levels and adherence

19
Q

Enzymes can be considered like a what

A

Lock into which specific keys fit

20
Q

Enzymes only act upon your what?

A

DNA

21
Q

Foods with complete protein profiles contain what?

A

All 9 amino acids

22
Q

Which macronutrient has the highest TEF

A

Protein

23
Q

Why does protein keep you the fullest for longest

A

It reduces hormones which make up hungry ie grehlin

24
Q

A large intake of what carbohydrate could be harmful

A

Fructose

25
Q

Which two things apart from carbs can be used for energy

A

Fats and glucose

26
Q

Fats (lipids) are insoluble or soluble

A

Insoluble (think of oil on pavement)

27
Q

Name 3 insulin’s functions

A

Causes GLUT4 to move across a cell

Stimulates an increase in glycogen synthesis and protein synthesis

28
Q

Insulin is not able to increase GLUT4in what illness

A

Type 2 diabetes

29
Q

Which of the following are taken Straight to the liver when eaten
Carbs
Fat
Protein

A

Carbs

Protein

30
Q

What macronutrient bypasses the liver and what system do they use

A

Fat use the lymph system

31
Q

Which provide us with energy
Macronutrients
Micronutrients

A

Macronutrients

32
Q

How are trans fats made

A

By the process of partial hydrogenation

33
Q

Saturated fats are just fatty acids with no what

A

Double bonds