Module 7 Quiz Flashcards
In this week’s reading, Latane and Darley (1968) reported that, “Despite the obvious and powerful inhibiting effect of other bystanders, subjects almost invariably claimed that they had paid little or no attention to the reactions of the other people in the room” (p. 220). Imagine that your roommate (who is not taking 308) reads this section of the paper and is puzzled by this discrepancy. What other study that you’ve learned about in a previous module would be most relevant to tell your roommate about to help them understand this discrepancy?
a. Epley & Dunning’s study in which students could choose whether to help by buying a daffodil
b. Nisbett & Wilson’s study in which participants rated how much they liked pairs of pantyhose
c. Tversky and Kahneman’s study in which people were asked to guess whether individuals were engineers or lawyers
d. Simons’ study of the monkey business illusion, in which people were asked to count the number of times players wearing white passed the ball
e. Both c and d
b. Nisbett & Wilson’s study in which participants rated how much they liked pairs of pantyhose
Kruger et al (2005) argue that when people write an email, they use their own interpretation of their message as a starting point in judging how other people will interpret their message, creating a systematic bias. This idea builds most closely on which of the following studies you’ve learned about this semester?
You Answered
a. Tversky and Kahneman’s study in which people were asked to guess whether individuals were engineers or lawyers
b. Epley & Dunning’s study in which students could choose whether to help by buying a daffodil
c. Navajas et al’s study in which TEDx attendees answered general-knowledge questions
d. Englich et al’s study of German judges sentencing a shoplifter
e. Darley & Latane’s study in which someone seemed to have a seizure
d. Englich et al’s study of German judges sentencing a shoplifter
Imagine there is a new mapping app for drivers called WatchOut, which allows drivers to easily indicate any hazard they see on the road, such as a pile of fallen rocks on the highway. Whenever any member records a driving hazard on the app, all other members of WatchOut automatically see the hazard appear on their map, too. You just accepted a job at WatchOut. You propose adding a small icon that indicates whether or not each hazard has been reported to the police yet. What should you tell your boss about to convince her that your idea could save lives?
a) Tversky & Kahneman’s research on the availability heuristic
b) Tversky & Kahneman’s research on the representativeness heuristic
c) Latane & Darley’s study in which a room slowly filled with smoke
d) Darley & Latane’s study in which someone had an apparent epileptic seizure
e) Darley & Batson’s study in which seminary students encountered a man slumped over in a doorway
d) Darley & Latane’s study in which someone had an apparent epileptic seizure
You belong to a lab that is studying prosocial behaviour. You are interested in diffusion of responsibility, whereas your friend is interested in pluralistic ignorance. The whole research team brainstorms some possible lab study designs. A grad student named Tomoko suggests bringing a group of students into a large lab room where they would all sign consent forms, and then as soon as the forms are signed, a confederate would scream out in the hallway. A grad student named Allie thinks it would be better to bring students into the large lab room to sign consent forms, and then put each of them in their own individual lab rooms to complete questionnaires; while the participants complete questionnaires, the confederate would scream in the hallway. Whose idea should you and your friend use?
A) You should both take Tomoko’s suggestion.
B) You should both take Allie’s suggestion.
C) You should take Allie’s suggestion and your friend should take Tomoko’s suggestion.
D) You should take Tomoko’s suggestion and your friend should take Allie’s suggestion.
E) Your friend should take Allie’s suggestion, but the team will need to keep brainstorming for you.
C) You should take Allie’s suggestion and your friend should take Tomoko’s suggestion.
In the active learning session this week, your team wants to study the same form of social influence examined in this week’s reading by Latane and Darley. Given that the researchers only included men in their study, you want to improve external validity by including a more gender-diverse sample. Keeping in mind the instructions you were provided about what you should and shouldn’t do during the ALS experiments, which of the following would be an appropriate way to study this?
a) Buy a whole bunch of dry ice (which creates a vapor that looks like smoke) and quietly put it into a crowded lecture hall, while observing what happens as the lecture hall begins to fill with what appears to be smoke.
b) Go to the Nest and have one of your group members appear to faint, while appearing to hit her head on the way down.
c) Have one of your group members lie in a doorway like in Darley and Batson’s study with seminary students, and paint a trickle of blood on their face using a red marker.
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
e) None of the above
