Module 10 Quiz Flashcards
As you know, an important theme of this course is that science is a conversation. Imagine that you have a new friend who is a psychology major on exchange from another university. He tells you that he’s always been taught to think of science as a list of facts that he needs to learn and memorize. You try to explain the idea that “science is a conversation,” but he doesn’t really get it, so you decide to show him this idea in action by sharing one video and one reading from this course with him. What would be best to share in order to show him this idea in action?
a) This week’s lecture video on conformity and norms (with Dr. Dunn) and this week’s reading by Robert Cialdini
b) This week’s lecture video on authority and norms (with Dr. Schaller) and this week’s reading by Dominic Packer
c) The lecture video on cognitive dissonance (Part 1) and the reading on cognitive dissonance by Leon Festinger (from the Attitudes module)
d) The lecture video on love and close relationships and the reading on marital quality by Eli Finkel (from the liking, love and relationships module)
e) Both c and d
b) This week’s lecture video on authority and norms (with Dr. Schaller) and this week’s reading by Dominic Packer
Think about the standard (i.e., baseline) condition of Stanley Milgram’s famous experiment. Dr. Mark Schaller argued that participants faced a conflict between two norms: (1) don’t hurt people and (2) obey authority. In the context of Milgram’s standard condition, the first norm is ______ and the second norm is _____.
a) A descriptive norm; a descriptive norm
b) An injunctive norm; an injunctive norm
c) A descriptive norm; an injunctive norm
d) An injunctive norm; a descriptive norm
e) Both an injunctive norm and a descriptive norm; both an injunctive norm and a descriptive norm
b) An injunctive norm; an injunctive norm
Mark Schaller and Dominic Packer each provide their own perspectives on Milgram’s classic research. What aspect of Dr. Schaller’s interpretation do you think Dominic Packer would argue against?
a) “Don’t hurt people” was an important social norm driving participants’ behaviour.
b) “Obey authority” was an important social norm driving participants’ behaviour. Participants’ behavior can be explained in part by the desire to reduce cognitive dissonance
c) If people continued past the 150v mark, they were almost sure to continue shocking the learner all the way to the end.
d) Both a and b.
a) “Don’t hurt people” was an important social norm driving participants’ behaviour.
Imagine that you work for Health Canada and that children’s hospitals are currently overflowing due to a dangerous new virus. Public health officials are encouraging everyone (including adults) to wear masks indoors to reduce the spread of this new virus. You’ve been put in charge of running a messaging campaign to encourage university students to wear masks, and your initial research suggests that most students at McGill are already wearing masks, while most students at the University of Toronto are not wearing masks. You are deciding whether to make current descriptive norms or injunctive norms salient in your campaign on these campuses. What would Cialdini (2003) be most likely to predict?
a) At Toronto, messages emphasizing descriptive norms will be more effective messages emphasizing injunctive norms.
b) At Toronto, messages emphasizing injunctive norms will be more effective than messages emphasizing descriptive norms.
c) At McGill, messages emphasizing injunctive norms will be more effective than messages emphasizing descriptive norms.
d) Because there are already existing social norms on each campus, it will be almost impossible to change people’s behaviour.
b) At Toronto, messages emphasizing injunctive norms will be more effective than messages emphasizing descriptive norms.
Susan is running for student body president of her high school against a popular athlete named Jim. The election will be held at an assembly after school using secret ballots, so students have to decide whether to bother sticking around to attend the assembly, as well as whether to vote for Susan or Jim. Susan has been thinking a lot about various sources of conformity pressure in her school, which could affect her classmates’ choices. Based on your expertise from this module, _______ is likely to play an essential role in shaping students’ choices about whether to attend the assembly, and ______ is likely to play an essential role in whether to vote for Susan vs. Jim.
a) normative social influence; informational social influence
b) informational social influence; normative social influence
c) informational social influence; informational social influence
d) normative social influence; normative social influence
a) normative social influence; informational social influence
