Module 7: Photosynthesis Flashcards
is a vital process that sustains life on earth
photosynthesis
specialized organelles where photosynthesis occurs
chloroplasts
pigment that absortbs light energy
chlorophyll
is the first stage, light energy is captured and used to split water molecules, releasing energy and generating ATP and NADPH
light-dependent reactions
light dependent reaction products:
ATP and NADPH
second stage that utilizes the ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 into glucose
light-independent reations/calvin cycle
here photosynthesis rate is limited as there is insufficient light energy
low light intensity
rate of photosynthesis increases proportionaly to the amount of light available
moderate light intensity
photosynthesis reaches a plateau, as the system becomes saturated and cannot process more light
high light intensity
light intensity - photosynthesis rate
low - low
moderate - high
high - plateau
wavelengths primarily absorbed by chlorophyll and light reflected
absorbs red and blue, reflects green
chlorophyll and absorption of light energy:
- light absorption, exciting electrons
- excited electrons move through an electron transport chain, releasing energy to form ATP
- NADPH formation
molecule that carries reducing power for the calvin cycle
NADPH
is incorporated into organic molecules during the calvin cycle, using energy from ATP and NADPH
carbon dioxide
calvin cycle’s product
glucose
CO2 cycle in photosynthesis:
- Co2 is incorporated into a five-carbon sugar, RuBP
- ATP and NATP provide energy to drive the reactions and reduce CO2 to sugars
- cycle regerates RuBP, some CO2 are incorporated into glucose
practical implications of photosynthesis:
food production, biofuel, carbon sequestration (remove co2 in atmosphere)
raw materials for photosynthesis
light, a green pigment, water,
and carbon dioxide
photosynthesis chemical reaction:
6CO2 + 12H2O ➞ C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2 ↑
the rate of photosynthesis as affected by some factors
light intensity, light wavelengths, carbon dioxide
Photosynthesis Requirements:
sunlight, chloroplasts, wavelengths
study of photosynthesis:
test for starch, sunlight, chlorophyll, CO2, O2
continuously recycles the energy carriers to maintain the continuous production of glucose.
Calvin Cycle
particularly effective in driving photosynthesis, as they are strongly absorbed by chlorophyll.
red light
they are absorbed by chlorophyll and contribute to the overall energy production.
blue light
are less effectively absorbed by chlorophyll
green light
Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
light intensity, temperature, water availability, CO2 concentration
plants sample used for light requirement and light intensity
mayana, hydrilla sprig
What will happen to the color of a leaf placed under sunlight compared to a leaf placed in the dark when tested with iodine solution, and what does this indicate about photosynthesis?
When exposed to sunlight, the leaf undergoes photosynthesis, using light energy to produce glucose. This glucose is then stored as starch in the leaf. The iodine reacts with the starch, producing the bluish-black color
as light intensity increases, what happens to the rate of photosynthesis?
also increases
What is the order of bubble formation under different light wavelengths in the Hydrilla experiment
red > blue > white > yellow > green
What chemical indicator is used in the experiment to test for carbon dioxide?
phenol red
What color does phenol red turn in an acidic solution
yellow
What happens to the color of the solution in test tube awith hydrilla fter 2-3 hours in bright light?
pale orange to red, indicating photosynthesis reduced the acidity.
