Module 7-8 Flashcards
In eukaryotic cells the start codon for protein synthesis is __________ .
Methionine (AUG)
(T/F) RNA is double stranded.
False
In the ribosome, what pairs with the codon?
Anticodon
(T/F) Uridine is a nucleotide in DNA.
False
(T/F) The genetic code for the conversion of mRNA codons to proteins has redundancy.
True
For DNA Polymerase III to work which of these components has to act first?
Primase
In the ribosome, what is the name of the bond that links one amino acid to the next?
Peptide Bond
During mRNA maturation what is the name of the part of the mRNA that is removed?
Intron
How many “stop” codons exist?
3
(T/F) Strands of the backbone of DNA are parallel?
False (anti-parallel)
(T/F) During DNA replication errors are greatly reduced by enzymes that proof read the newly replicated DNA.
True
In DNA, what does the nucleotide labeled as A pair with?
T
List one type of post-translational modification.
Proteolysis
Glycosylation
Phosphorylation
There are two types of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. These two types can be distinguished because the polyribosome is either _________ or __________.
free or membrane bound
List the two basic categories of nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids.
Purines and Pyrimidines
(T/F) DNA replication in eukaryotes is sped up by multiple origins of replication.
True
Which nucleotide is different in RNA compared to DNA?
Uridine
(T/F) In the lagging stand, the DNA is read from the parental DNA’s 3’ to 5’ end.
True
(T/F) The DNA polymerase that replicates the parental strand of DNA reads the parental DNA from 5’ to 3” and makes a new DNA strand from 3’ to 5’.
False (Reads from 3’-5’ on parental strand and replicate 5’-3’)
Which enzyme is used first to permit DNA polymerase III to begin replicating the 3’ strand?
Primase
RNA synthesis, also called RNA transcription occurs in three phases. List them from beginning to end in order.
Initiation, Elongation, Termination
Which sugar is present in RNA?
Ribose
How many hydrogen bonds are there between an A and its paired nucleotide?
2
The double helix of DNA is wrapped about 1¾ times around which of these components?
Nuclesome
The double helix of DNA is wrapped about 1¾ times around which of these components?
Nucleosome
Protein synthesis changes from the language of ________ to the language of _______ .
Nucleotides to Amino Acids
Which strand is produced more rapidly?
Leading Strand
During DNA replication in the lagging strand there is production of this component?
Okazaki Fragment
Assume that you have a eukaryotic cell with three chromosomes within it. How many 5’ ends would there be?
Gap 1: 6
Gap 2: 12
(T/F) Replication of DNA is semi-conservative.
True
Which enzyme unwraps the double helix?
Helicase
The Calvin-Benson cycle takes in _____________ and _____________ from the light reaction and also _____________ ____________ to make carbohydrates.
ATP
NADPH+H+
Carbon Dioxide
The light reactions produce _____________ and _____________ and this process also results in the release of _____________.
ATP
NADPH+H+
Oxygen
List three items required for photosynthesis to occur.
Water
CO2
Light from the sun
The most abundant protein in the world is called _____________.
Rubiscos
The antenna system is in the _____________ membranes.
Thylakoid
