Module 6 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Absorption

A

The transport of dissolved substances into cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Digestion

A

The breakdown of absorbed substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Respiration

A

The breakdown of food molecules with a release of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Excretion

A

The removal of soluble waste materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Egestion

A

The removal of nonsoluable waste materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Secretion

A

The release of biosynthesized substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintaining the status quo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Reproduction

A

Producing more cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cytology

A

The study of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cell Wall

A

A rigid structure on the outside of certain cells, usually plants and bacteria cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Middle Lamella

A

The thin film between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Plasma Membrane

A

The semipermeable membrane between the cell contents and either the cell wall or the cell’s surroundings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cytoplasm

A

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which all of the organelles are suspended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ions

A

Substances in which at least one atom has an imbalance of protons and electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cytoplasmic Streaming

A

The motion of cytoplasm in a cell that results in a coordinated movement of the cell’s contents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mitochondria

A

The organelles in which nutrients are converted to energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Lysosome

A

The organelle in animal cells responsible for hydrolysis reactions that break down proteins, polysaccharides, disaccharides, and some lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ribosomes

A

Non-membrane-bounded organelles responsible for protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

A

An organelle composed of an extensive network of folded membranes that performs several tasks within a cell

20
Q

Rough ER

A

ER that is dotted with ribosomes

21
Q

Smooth ER

A

ER that has no ribosomes

22
Q

Leucoplasts

A

Organelles that store starches or oils

23
Q

Chromoplasts

A

Organelles that contain pigments used in photosynthesis

24
Q

Central Vacuole

A

A large vacuole that rests at the center of most plant cells and is filled with a solution that contains a high concentration of solutes

25
Waste Vacuoles
Vacuoles that contain the waste products of digestion
26
Phagocytosis
The process by which a cell engulfs foreign substances or other cells
27
Phagocytic Vacuole
A vacuole that holds the matter which a cell engulfs
28
Pinocytic Vesicle
Vesicle formed at the plasma membrane
29
Secretion Vesicle
Vesicle that holds secretion products so that they can be transported to the plasma membrane and released
30
Golgi Bodies
The organelles where proteins and lipids are stored and then modified to suit the needs of the cell
31
Microtubules
Spiral strands of protein molecules that form a tubelike structure
32
Nuclear Membrane
A highly-porous membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm
33
Chromatin
Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell
34
Cytoskeleton
A network of fibers that holds the cells together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in its movement
35
Microfilaments
Fine, threadlike proteins found i the cell's cytoskeleton
36
Intermediate Filaments
Threadlike proteins in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as microfilaments
37
Phospholipid
A lipid in which one of the fatty acid molecules has been replaced by a molecule that contains a phosphate group
38
Passive Transport
Movement of molecule through the plasma membrane according to dictates of osmosis or diffusion
39
Active Transport
Movement of molecules through the plasma membrane (typically opposite the dictates of osmosis or diffusion) aided by a process that requires energy.
40
Isotonic Solution
A solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution
41
Hypertonic Solution
A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution
42
Plasmolysis
Collapse of a walled cell's cytoplasm due to a lack of water
43
Cytolysis
The rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure
44
Hypotonic Solution
A solution in which the concentration of solutes is less than that of the cell that resides in the solution
45
Activation Energy
Energy necessary to get a chemical reaction going