Module 13 Vocabulary Flashcards
Vertebrae
Segments of bone or some other hard substance that are arranged into a backbone.
Notochord
A rod of tough, flexible material that runs the length of the creature’s body, providing the majority of its support.
Endoskeleton
A skeleton on the inside of a creature’s body.
Endoskeleton
A skeleton on the inside of a creature’s body, typically composed of bone or cartilage.
Bone Marrow
A soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells.
Axial Skeleton
The portion of the skeleton that supports the head, neck, and trunk.
Appendicular Skeleton
The portion of the skeleton that attaches to the axial skelton and has the limbs attached to it.
Closed Circulatory System
A circulatory system in which the oxygen-carrying blood cells never leave the blood vessles.
Arteries
Blood vessles that carry blood away from the heart.
Capillaries
Tiny, thin-walled blood vessles that allow for the exchange of gases and nutirents between the blood. and the cells of the body.
Veins
Blood vessles. that carry blood back to the heart.
Olfactory Lobes
The lobes of the brain that recieve signals from receptors. in the nose.
Cerebrum
The lobes of the brain that recieve sensory information an coordinate the creature’s response to that information.
Optic Lobes
The lobes of the brain that recieve information from receptors in the eyes.
Cerebellum
The lobe that controls involuntary actions and refines. muscle movement.
Medulla Oblongata
The lobes that coordinate vital functions, such as those of the circulatory and respiratory systems, and transport signals from the brain to. the spinal cord.
Internal Fertalization
The process by which the male places sperm inside the female’s body, where the eggs are fertilized.
External Fertilization
The process by which female lays eggs and the male fertelizes them once they are outside the female.
Oviparous Development
Development that occurs in an egg that is hatched outside the female’s body.
Oviviparous Devlopment
Development that occurs in an egg that is hatched inside the female’s body.
Viviparous Development
Development that occurs inside the female, allowing the offspring to gain nutrients. and vital substances from the mother through a placenta.
Anadromus
A life cycle in which creatures are hatched in fresh water, migrate to salt water as adults, and then go back to fresh water in order to reproduce.
Bile
A mixture of salts and phospholipids that aids. in the breakdown of fat.
Atrium
A heart chamber that receives blood.
Ventricle
A heart chamber from which blood is pumped out.
Ectothermic
Lacking an internal mechanism for regulating body heat.
Hibernation
A state of extremly low matabolism and respiration, accompanied by lower-than-normal body temperatures.
