Module 5 Vocabulary Flashcards
Matter
Anything has mass or takes up space
Model
An explanation or representation of something that cannot be seen
Element
A collection of atoms that all have the same number of protons
Molecules
Chemicals that result from atoms linking together
Physical Change
A change that affects the appearance, but not the chemical structure of the elements or molecules of a substance
Chemical Change
A change that alters the makeup of the elements or molecules of a substance
Phase
One of the three forms - solid, liquid, or gas - which every substance is capable of attaining
Diffusion
The random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Concentration
A measure of how much solute exist within a certain volume of solvent
Semipermeable Membrane
A membrane that allows some molecules to pass through, but does not let other molecules to pass through.
Osmosis
The tendency of a solvent to travel across a semipermeable membrane into areas of higher solute concentration
Catalyst
A substance that alters the speed of a chemical reaction but is not used up in the process
Organic Molecule
A molecule that contains only carbon and any of the following: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and/or phosphorous
Biosynthesis
The process by which organisms produce larger molecules from smaller ones.
Isomers
Two different molecules that have the same chemical formuls
Monosaccharides
Simple carbohydrates that contain 3 to 10 carbon atoms
Disaccharides
Carobohydrates that are made up of two monosaccharides
Polysaccharides
Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides
Dehydration Reaction
A chemical reaction in which molecules combine by removing water
Hydrolysis
Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
Hydrophobic
Lacking any affinity towards water
Saturated Fat
A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms.
Unsaturated Fat
A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms
Peptide Bond
A bond that links amino acids together in a protein
Hydrogen Bond
A strong attraction between hydrogen and certain other atoms (usually oxygen or nitrogen) in specific molecules
