Module 6 - The nature of quantitative research

Question 1

Conceptualization

Answer 1

Step of Research design → describing / defining a
concept.

Question 2

Operationalization

Answer 2

Step of Research design → making abstract concepts quantifiable / measureable.

Question 3

Indicator

Answer 3

We use indicators to tap concepts that are
less directly quantifiable

Question 4

Stability

Answer 4

is the measure stable over time?

Question 5

Internal consistency

Answer 5

are the items coherent?

Question 6

Inter-rater consistency

Answer 6

To what extent do coders /
observers agree with each other?

Question 7

Face validity

Answer 7

Intuitive , consensus with other
researchers.

Question 8

Criterion validity

Answer 8

Is the measure related to a specific
criterion that is relevant for the concept?
– today, at the present moment (= “concurrent”)
– In the future? (= “predictive”

Question 9

Construct validity

Answer 9

Are the results consistent with theory?

Question 10

Convergent validity

Answer 10

correlation / association with similar existing measures that capture the same concept?

Question 11

Mediating variable (Med)

Answer 11

Intervenes. It explains why X has an influence on
Y

Question 12

Moderating variable (Mod)

Answer 12

Influences the relationship between X and Y. It indicates when (under which condition) X has an influence on Y

Question 13

Control variable

Answer 13

Additional variable in order to investigate the
“real” effect of X on Y. (“keep constant”, e.g.
parents’ eye sight)