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BIOCHEMISTRY (MODULE 6) > MODULE 6 : DIVERSITY OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM > Flashcards

MODULE 6 : DIVERSITY OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Flashcards

0
Q

Acts locally. On neighborhood cells

A

PARACRINE

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1
Q

Distributed in the blood. Acts on distant target cells

A

ENDOCRINE

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2
Q

Acts on the same cell

A

AUTOCRINE

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3
Q

Produced by neurons but functions as hormones

A

NEUROHORMONE

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4
Q

Influences postsynaptic cells or effector cells

A

NEUROTRANSMITTER

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5
Q

Type of receptors which has second messengers that alters the activity of other molecules within the cell

A

CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS

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6
Q

Type of receptors which alter transcriptional activity of responsive genes

A

INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS

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7
Q

A type of intracellular receptor which functions to activate and stimulate transcription

A

AMINO TERMINUS

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8
Q

A type of intracellular receptor which binds to a specific sequence of DNA

A

DNA BINDING DOMAIN

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9
Q

Type of intracellular receptor which binds to hormones

A

CARBOXY TERMINUS / LIGAND-BINDING DOMAIN

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10
Q

Hormone synthesized from cholesterol

A

ADRENAL STEROID HORMONE

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11
Q

Hormone derived from tyrosine

A

CATECHOLAMINE

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12
Q

Peptide hormones found in the heart

A

ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE / ANF

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13
Q

Hormones found in the pancreas

A

INSULIN

SOMATOSTATIN

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14
Q

Peptide Hormones found in the gastrointestinal tract

A

CKK

GASTRIN

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15
Q

Peptide hormone found in fat stores

A

LEPTIN

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16
Q

Amino acid hormones derived from tyrosine

A

THYROID HORMONES

CATECHOLAMINES

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17
Q

Amino acid hormones derived from tryptophan

A

SEROTONIN

MELATONIN

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18
Q

Amino acid hormones derived from glutamic acid

A

HISTAMINE

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19
Q

Inhibit release of growth hormone and thyroid stimulating factor

A

SOMATOSTATIN

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20
Q

Most commonly used as antacid and treatment for Calcium deficiency

A

CALCIUM LACTATE

21
Q

Enhances mineral absoprtion

A

CASEIN PHOSPHOPEPTIDE

22
Q

Involved in stress response

A

CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE

23
Q

Determines duration of pregnancy

A

CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE

24
Q

Releases follicle stimulation hormone and leutenizing hormone

A

GNRH-1

25
Q

Effect of exercise in growth hormone synthesis

A

STIMULATES

26
Q

Effect of hypoglycemia in growth hormone synthesis

A

STIMULATES

27
Q

Effect of dietary carbohydrate in growth hormone synthesis

A

INHIBITS

28
Q

Effect of glucocorticoids to growth hormone synthesis

A

INHIBITS

29
Q

Results when there is a lack in the ability to synthesize or secrete growth hormones

A

GH-DEFICIENT DWARF

30
Q

Lacks IGF-1, deficiency is post receptor in nature

A

PYGMIES

31
Q

Low activity of GH receptors and low levels of circulating IGF-1 which results to an x’ss plasma GH

A

LARON DWARFS

32
Q

X’ss amount of GH before epiphyseal closure

A

GIGANTISM

33
Q

X’ss GH after epiphyseal closure; results in an acral bone growth

A

ACROMEGALY

34
Q

Stimulates milk production

A

PROLACTIN

35
Q

Stops the ejection of milk during pregnancy

A

HIGH LEVELS OF PROGESTERONE

36
Q

A glycoprotein hormone responsible formgametogenesis and steroidgenesis

A

GONADOTROPINS

37
Q

A glycoprotein hormones which is observed in high levels during menopause

A

FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE

38
Q

Response to the release of corticotropin releasing hormone in hypothalamus

A

ACTH

39
Q

Results in an x’ss of ACTH

A

CUSHING’S SYNDROME

40
Q

Causes lipolysis and fatty acid mobilization

A

LIPOTROPIN

41
Q

Involved in pain perception, appetite and immune response

A

ENDORPHINS

42
Q

Stimulates darkening if the skin

A

MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE

43
Q

Carrier protein for T3 and T4

A

THYROXIN-BINDING GLOBULIN

44
Q

Biologically active fraction of calcium

A

IONIZED CALCIUM

45
Q

Effect of PTH in bone and kidney

A

BONE : INCREASE osteoclast activity

KIDNEY : REDUCE renal Calcium clearance by stimulation reabsorption

46
Q

Responsible for attaching osteoclast to bone

A

CALCITONIN

47
Q

Effect of calcitonin on intestines, bones and kidney

A

INTESTINES : REDUCES calcium reabsorption
BONES : REDUCES osteoclast activity
KIDNEY : REDUCED calcium and phosphate reabsorption

48
Q

A chemical non-nutrient that serves as intercellular messenger

A

Hormone

49
Q

Substances that allows communication between the Nervous system and adjacent tissues

A

Neurotransmitter

BIOCHEMISTRY (MODULE 6) (9 decks)

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