Module 5.2 Part 2 - Muscles of Lower Extremities Flashcards
Psoas major
Origin: transverse bodies of all lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur (with Iliacus)
Action: hip flexion or trunk flexion (if femur is stationary)
Innervation: lumbar plexus
Iliacus
Origin: iliac fossa of ilium
Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
Action: hip flexion
Innervation: femoral nerve
Gluteus Maximus
Origin: posterior gluteal line of the ilium, lower sacrum, side of coccyx
Insertion: gluteal tuberosity
Action: abducts, extends, and laterally rotates hip joint
Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve
Gluteus Medius
Origin: gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: abducts thigh, stabilizes hip joint
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Gluteus Minimus
Origin: gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: abducts thigh, stabilizes hip joint
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
TFL - Tensor Fascia Latae
Origin: ASIS
Insertion: iliotibial tract
Action: abducts and internally rotates thigh, stabilizes hip and knee joints
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Obterator Externus
Action: lateral rotation of thigh
Innervation: obterator nerve
Obterator Internus
Action: lateral rotation of thigh
Innervation: spinal nerves S1-3
Superior Gemellus
Action: lateral rotation, adduction, and extension at hip joint
Innervation: spinal nerves L5 and S1
Inferior Gemellus
Action: lateral rotation, adduction, and extension at hip joint
Innervation: spinal nerves L5 and S1
Quadratus Femoris
Action: lateral rotation and adduction of hip joint
Innervation: spinal nerves L5 and S1
Piriformis
Action: lateral rotation, adduction, and extension of hip joint
Innervation: spinal nerves L5 -S2
Biceps Femoris
Origin: Long head - ischial tuberosity; short head - linea aspera of femur, lateral surface
Insertion: head of the fibula and lateral surface
Action: knee flexion, hip extension
Innervation: Long head - tibial nerve; Short head - common fibular nerve
Semitendinosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial surface of tibia
Action: knee flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve
Semimembranosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia
Action: knee flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve
Rectus Femoris
Origin: AIIS
Insertion: common tendon of quadriceps to tibial tuberosity
Action: knee extension, hip flexion
Innervation: femoral nerve
Vastus Medialis
Origin: intertrochanteric line of femur
Insertion: patella via quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity
Action: knee extension
Innervation: femoral nerve
Vastus Lateralus
Origin: greater trochanter of femur
Insertion: patella via quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity
Action: knee extension
Innervation: femoral nerve
Vastus Intermedius
Origin: anterior/lateral surfaces of femur
Insertion: common tendon of quadriceps to tibial tuberosity
Action: knee extension
Innervation: femoral nerve
Adductor Longus
Origin: front of pubis
Insertion: linea aspera
Action: adducts, mediallly rotates thigh
Innervation: obturator nerve
Adductor Brevis
Origin: superior and inferior rami of pubis
Insertion: medial shaft of femur, into upper linea aspera
Action: adducts, medially rotates thigh
Innervation: obterator nerve
Adductor Magnus
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: adductor tubercle, medial condyle of femur, linea aspera
Action: adducts, medially rotates thigh
Innervation: obterator nerve
Gracilis
Origin: lower half of pubic symphysis
Insertion: superior shaft of tibia
Action: adductor of thigh, flexes knee
Innervation: obturator nerve
Pectinieus
Origin: pectineal line
Insertion: posterior surface of femur
Action: adducts thigh
Innervation: femoral nerve
Sartorius
Origin: ASIS
Insertion: superior shaft of tibia
Action: hip flexion, abduction, external rotation; knee flexion, internal rotation
Innervation: femoral nerve
Tibialis Anterior
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia
Insertion: base of 1st metatarsal, medial cunieform
Action: dorsiflexion, inversion of foot
Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Origin: lateral condyle of fibula
Insertion: distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Action: extends digits 2-5, dorsiflexion of foot
Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Origin: anterior surface of fibula
Insertion: dorsal surface of digit 1 (great toe)
Action: extension of digit 1 and dorsiflexion of foot
Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Peroneus Brevis
Origin: lateral, distal fibula
Insertion: lateral side of 5th metatarsal
Action: plantarflex and evert (pronate) foot
Innervation: superficial peroneal nerve
Peroneus Longus
Origin: posterior surface of tibia, superior fibula
Insertion: base of metatarsal 1
Action: plantarflex and evert (pronate) foot
Innervation: superficial peroneal nerve
Gastrocnemius
Origin: medial and lateral heads - posterior surfaces of medial and lateral femoral condyles
Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneous via achilles tendon
Action: plantarflexion of foot, knee flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve
Soleus
Origin: posterior surface of fibula, medial region of posterior tibia
Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneous via the achilles tendon
Action: plantar flexion of foot
Innervation: tibial nerve
Tibialis Posterior
Origin: posterior surface of tibia, interroseous membrane, medial surface of fibula
Insertion: navicular bone, cunieforms(3), cuboid, and metatarsals 2-4
Action: plantarflexion, inversion and adduction of foot
Innervation: tibial nerve
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Origin: posterior surface of tibia
Insertion: inferior surface of distal phalanges 2-5
Action: flexion of digits 2-5, inversion and plantarflexion of foot
Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Origin: posterior fibula
Insertion: inferior surface of distal phalanx of digit 1 (great toe)
Action: flexion of digit 1, inversion and plantar flexion of foot
Innervation: tibial nerve (deep peroneal branch)
