Module 4.4 - Joints and Ligaments Flashcards
- What type of joint is immovable?
- Fibrous joints
- Synovial joints produce what type of fluid?
- Synovial fluid
- The thumb has this type of synovial joint to allow the thumb to cross over the palm.
- Saddle joint
- The clavicle connects posteriorly to the scapula via what ligament?
- Acromioclavicular ligament
What are the 3 classifications of joints?
fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial
- The ____________ligament attaches the femur to the ilium.
- The iliofemoral ligament
What joins the sternum and the clavicle?
sternoclavicular ligament
What joins the coracoid process of the scapula to the clavicle?
coracoclavicular ligament
What joins the coracoid process to the acromion process?
coracoacromial ligament
- The abbreviation PCL stands for ___________________.
- Posterior cruciate ligament
capsular ligament
surrounds the head of the humerus and anchors it to the scapula
- This ligament connects the anterior vertebral bodies.
- Anterior longitudinal ligament.
- Why can a herniated disc be painful?
- Pain results when the damaged disk presses against the spinal cord or the spinal nerves.
What is an example of a fibrous joint?
between cranial bones
What is an example of a cartilaginous joint? What is its level of movement?
joints between vertebrae and slightly moveable
Describe the joint of the pelvic bones?
slightly movable, anteriorly joined by fibrous cartilage, the pubic symphysis. hormonal changes during late pregnancy, make joint more flexible, allowing the pelvis to expand during childbirth
What are most joints classified as? What is there level of movement?
synovial joints and they are freely moveable
Ligaments
composed of fibrous connective tissue, bind the bones together
joint capsule
outer layer forms ligament and inner synovial cavity has synovial membrane awhich produces synovial fluid
What are the different types of synovial joints?
ball-and-socket, hinge, saddle, and pivot joints
hinge joint
the knee and elbow joints, which largely permit movement in one direction only
ball-and-socket joint
all movement in all planes, rotational movement, examples are the hip and shoulder joints
saddle joint
in thumb, allows it tho freely cross over palm
pivot joint
allows for rotational movement, example are C1 and C2 vertebrae
How is a ligament most often named?
for the 2 bone landmarks they connect
What connects the head of the humerus to the coracoid process of the scapula?
coracohumeral ligament
What muscles form the rotator cuff?
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis
What is the function of the rotator cuff?
limit the movement at the shoulder so head of humerus is stabilized within the joint.
What holds the ASIS to the pubic bone?
ilioinguinal ligament
What connects the scrum to each side of the uterus in women?
uterosacral ligament
What ligaments posteriorly hold the sacrum to the pelvis?
iliolumbar ligament, anterior sacroiliac ligament and posterior sacroiliac ligament
menisci
crescent-shaped pieces of cartilage, which give added stability for the femur to articulate with the tibia
What stabilzes the front of the knee?
patellar ligament
What stabilizes the sides of the knee?
MCL(medial colateral ligament) and LCL(lateral colateral ligament)
What internally stabilizes the knee joint?
ACL(anterior cruciate ligament) and PCL(posterior cruciate ligament)
bursae
13 fluid-filled sacs in the knee joint, which ease friction between tendons, ligaments, and bones
what is inflammation of the bursae called?
bursitis
What conncects the posterior vertebral bodies?
posterior longitudinal ligament
What connects the spinous process of 2 adjacent vertebae?
interspinous ligaments
What connects the posterior portion of the spinous processes?
supraspinous ligament
What is the function of the intervertebral discs?
prevent the vertebrae from grinding against one another, absorb shock, allows motion e.i. bending forward, backward, and side to side without the vertebrae touching.
herniated disc
if posterior longitudinal ligament becomes weakened disc bulges and presses into vertebral foramen onto the spinal cord and nerves
