module 5 - social and personality of infants Flashcards
what are the 2 theories of social and personality development?
psychoanalytic and ethological
whos theory is more reputable erickson or freud?
erickson
what is the attachment theory?
the ability to need to form attachment relationship early in life (mother)
at what age do infants create internal models of their relationships?
5yrs
what are bowlbys 4 stages of attachment?
0-3 months - non-focused orienting, signaling
3-6 months - focus on one or more figures
6-24 months - secure base behaviour
24 months+ - internal model
what is stranger anxiety?
expressions of discomfort around strangers, cling to mother
what is separation anxiety?
expressions of discomfort when separated from mother
what is social reinforcing?
infants use of others facial expressions as a guide to their own emotions
what are the 3 types of insecure attachment?
avoidance attachment
ambivalent attachment
disorganized attachment
what are the 5 characteristics of a caregiver?
emotional responsiveness
tactile responsiveness
contingent responsiveness
marital conflict
mental health
what are some traits of securely attached children?
more sociable, less clingy, more empathetic, likely to be leaders, higher self esteem
what is personality?
pattern of responding to people and objects
what is temperment?
predispositions that are the foundation for personality
what percent of children are the easy child?
40%
what percent of children are the difficult child?
10%
what percent of children are the slow to warm up child?
15%
what are the 5 dimensions of temperment?
activity level
positive emotionality
inhibition
negative emotionality
effortful control
what is the subjective self? what age notices?
infant aware that they are a separate person (8-12 months)
what is the objective self? what age notices?
understand that they are defined by various categories (2½ yrs)
what is the emotional self? what age develops?
learning to identify emotion (2-3 yrs)
what is awareness of the intentions of others? what age does this develop?
become aware of other people and their intentions (2 yrs)
