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Pharmacology 2240 > Module 5 Drugs > Flashcards

Module 5 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Liquor - Opioids - barbiturates - meprobamate (the carbamate drug Miltown) - the “ludes”–Quaalude (methaqualone) - benzodiazepines (Valium, Xanax, Versed) - antihistamines (hydroxyzine) - herbal remedies (valerian) - *medical marijuana

A

Antianxiety drugs (anxiolytics)

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2
Q

hydantoin (Dilantin) - sodium channel stabilizers (Tegretol) - barbiturates (phenobarbital, Pentotha) - benzodiazepines (Versed)

A

Antiseizure drugs

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3
Q

TCAs–tricyclic and tetracyclic drugs (amitriptyline) - MAIOs - SSRIs (Prozac, Paxil) - SNRIs (cymbalta)

A

antidepressants for “regular” (Unipolar) depression

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4
Q

lithium - antidepressants (many newer ones for long term anxiety) - atypical anitpsychotics (Abilify, Risperdal)

A

drugs for Bipolar (Manic) Depression

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5
Q

antidepressants - Sedative-Hypnotics (like the benzodiazepine Xanax) - beta blockers (like Inderal)

A

drugs for Social Phobias, compulsions, PTSD, etc.

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6
Q

typical ones like chlorpromazine (Thorazine–phenothiazine class) - atypical ones like newer risperidone (Risperdal)

A

Antipsychotics

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7
Q

barbiturates (historically, like Seconal) - short acting benzodiazepines (Halcion) - nonbenzodiazepines (Ambien, Lunesta) - melatonin rc agonists (Rozerem) - OTCs like NyQuil - herbal remedies (natural melatonin, Valerian, etc.)

A

drugs for Insomnia

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8
Q

stimulants (Ritalin, Adderall)

A

drugs for ADHD

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9
Q

ethyl alcohol is by far themost widely used anxiolytic, the “social lubricant” for the world

A

liquor (as an antianxiety drug)

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10
Q

historical use–opium dens, tincture called laudanum

A

Opioids for antianxiety

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11
Q

used historically; i.e. Veronal (barbital), phenobarbital for seizures

A

Barbiturates

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12
Q

the carbonate drug that was the 1st blockbuster psychotropic drug in US history; best selling anxiolytic for a while

A

meprobamate (Miltown)

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13
Q

briefly relied on in the 60s and 70s but “luding out” came to an end when it became a schedule 1 drug in 1984

A

the “ludes”–Quaalude (methaqualone)

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14
Q

still a widely used group of drugs: diazepam, alprazolam, midazolam

A

benzodiazepines

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15
Q

some of the 1st generation anti H1 drugs with good anxiolytic properties; i.e. hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax)

A

Antihistamines as anxiolytics

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16
Q

chamomile tea, St. John’s Wort, medical marijuana (pot), kava kava, Valerian root

A

herbal remedies as anxiolytics

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17
Q

the hydantoin drug phenytoin

A

Dilantin

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18
Q

the sodium channel stabilizer carbamazepine

A

Tegretol

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19
Q

the barbiturate used as a back up oral drug to Dilantin & Tegretol

A

phenobarbitol

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20
Q

the barbiturate drug thiopental used as an I.V. drug that will stop an acute seizure

A

Pentothal

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21
Q

the benzodiazepine midazolam used for emergency I.V. control of seizures (better than Valium because it can be given I.V. as well as I.M and also down an endotracheal tube if needed)

A

Versed

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22
Q

the prototype TCA group–not used much for depression anymore but for pain management

A

Elavil

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23
Q

amitriptyline

A

Elavil

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24
Q

antidepressants used in many different conditions: depression, pain, anxiety, psychosis; older class

A

MAOIs–Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

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25
Q

1st antidepressant of SSRI class

A

Prozac

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26
Q

2nd antidepressants of SSRI class

A

Paxil and Zoloft

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27
Q

fluoxetine

A

Prozac

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28
Q

paroxetine

A

Paxil

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29
Q

sertraline

A

Zoloft

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30
Q

SNRI still heavily advertised on TV

A

Cymbalta

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31
Q

duloxetine

A

Cymbalta

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32
Q

one of the 1st drugs with efficacy for this Bipolar (Manic) Depression; still used quite commonly today

A

lithium

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33
Q

a long acting formulation of lithium

A

Lithobid

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34
Q

fluoxetine

A

Prozac

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35
Q

aripiprazole

A

Abilify

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36
Q

risperidone

A

Risperdal

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37
Q

the most widely used, antidepressant drugs for social phobias, OCD, PTSD and addictive compulsions

A

the SSRIs Prozac, Paxil & Zoloft

SNRIs like Cymbalta

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38
Q

alprazolam

A

Zanax

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39
Q

chlorpromazine–prototype antipsychotic; 1st used in the 50s

A

Thorazine

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40
Q

haloperidol–antipsychotic used in the 70s-90s

A

Haldol

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41
Q

drugs that don’t cause some of the same extrapyramidal side effects as the Thorazine-like drugs

A

‘atypical’ antipsychotics

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42
Q

risperidone–one of the newer antipsychotics and the most commonly used in the US today

43
Q

secobarbital–barbiturate not used much as a sleep aid anymore

44
Q

benzodiazepine with a very short half-life but it’s not used much anymore because the non-benzodiazepines and the new melatonin rc agonists are currently preferred

45
Q

zolpidem

46
Q

eszopiclone

47
Q

ramelteon–the ‘latest and greatest’ drug for insomnia; claimed to be non habit-forming

48
Q

these are mostly combos of 1st gen antihistamines, which cross the BBB and cause sedation; sometimes mixed with other drugs like melatonin or alcohol

A

OTC insomnia drugs (i.e. NyQuil)

49
Q

our own natural sleep hormone

50
Q

Valerian root, Chamomile tea, lemon balm, Kava Kava, etc.

A

herbal sleep aids

51
Q

methylphenidate for ADHD

52
Q

mixed amphetamine salts for ADHD

53
Q

schedule II drugs with high potential for abuse; these drugs usually speed up the mind but, in people with ADHD, they slow it down

A

Ritalin & Adderall

54
Q

4% cocaine solution, EMLA cream, 10% benzocaine (Hurricane Spray)

A

the most commonly used topical anesthetics

55
Q

procaine (Novocain), lidocaine (Xylocaine) bupivacaine (Marcaine)

A

anesthetics most commonly used for local infiltration and regional blocks

56
Q

fentanyl (Sublimaze), sufentanil (Sufenta), ketamine

A

Opioid analgesics

57
Q

midazolam (Versed: valium)

A

sedative hypnotics

58
Q

propofol (Diprivan), thiopental, atropine

A

general anesthetic Induction drugs (given intravenously)

59
Q

nitrous oxide (N2O), sevoflurane (Ultane), Diethyl ether (Ether), cyclopropane, chloroform, halothane

A

gases used as maintenance agents in general anesthesia

60
Q

Valium (diazepam), Soma, Flexeril

A

Sedative hypnotic muscle relaxants–used orally to sedate parts of the brain, relieving muscle pain and spasm

61
Q

d-tubocurarine (curare), vecuronium (Norcuron)

A

Paralytic Agents: neuromuscular blocking agents which bind and occupy the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

62
Q

potent mu rc agonists used as opioid analgesics in “pre-op” area to relieve anxiety and slowly start sedating the patient

A

fentanyl (Sublimaze) and sufentanil (Sufenta)

63
Q

midazolam

64
Q

Hurricane Spray

A

10% benzocaine

65
Q

procaine

66
Q

lidocaine

67
Q

bupivacaine

68
Q

fentanyl

69
Q

sufentanil

70
Q

propofol

71
Q

a barbiturate, seldom used anymore

A

thiopental

72
Q

drying agent, often used but doesn’t put you to sleep

73
Q

sevoflurane

a modern potent anesthetic gas

74
Q

Diethyl ether

75
Q

no longer used for humans in the U.S (

A

Ether, cyclopropane, chloroform and halothane

*halothane is still used frequently in vet practices

76
Q

Soma

A

carisopridol

77
Q

d-tubocurarine

78
Q

vecuronium

79
Q

hydrocortisone 1% (Cortaid), triamcinolone (Kenalog) cream, prednisone, diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

A

Dermatitis (Inflammation & itching)

80
Q

para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), sunblocks (micronized titanium dioxide and zinc oxide), benzocaine (Solarcaine), calamine lotion and aloe vera gel

A

Dermatitis: sunburns

81
Q

gentamicin, bacitracin, mupirocin (Bactroban)

A

topical singles for skin bacterial infections

82
Q

Triple antibiotic ointment like Neosporin, double antibiotics like Polysporin, Cortisporin (neomycin, polymyxin B and hydrocortisone in OTC strength)

A

topical combinations products for bacterial skin infections

83
Q

clotrimazole (Lotrimin)

A

topical antifungal

84
Q

Lotrisone (betamethasone + clotrimazole)

A

topical combos for fungal skin infections

85
Q

acyclovir (Zovirax) and Valtrex (valacyclovir)

A

topical forms of the drugs for oral treatment of HSV infections

86
Q

17% salicylic acid (in ‘Compound W’) or dimethyl ether and propane (as liquids in cryotherapy)

A

caustic agents to used to burn warts off

87
Q

permethrin (Elimite)

A

for Pediculoides/Anti-scabies

88
Q

permethrin

89
Q

“Compound W”

A

17% salicylic acid, dimethyl ether (Ether) and propane

90
Q

benzoyl peroxide (Benzac), salicylic acid, tretinoin (Retin-A), clindamycin (Cleocin T), erythromycin (Eryderm)

A

topical treatments for Acne Vulgaris

91
Q

tetracycline, minocycline (Minocin), isotretinoin (Accutane)

A

oral treatments for Acne Vulgaris

92
Q

benzoyl peroxide

93
Q

tretinoin

94
Q

clindamycin

A

Cleocin T–topical

95
Q

erythromycin

96
Q

minocycline

97
Q

isotretinoin

98
Q

metronidazole, either topically (MetroGel) or orally

A

for Rosacea (acne rosacea)

99
Q

salicylic acid (Compound W liquid) and liquid nitrogen (Compound W Freeze-Off) as “cryotherapy”

A

Wart Removal

100
Q

minoxidil (Rogaine), finasteride (Propecia)

A

for Hair Loss

101
Q

minoxidil, a vasodilator that used to be for HTN

A

Rogaine–2% women and 5% men

102
Q

finasteride; prevents conversion of testosterone to DHT; for hair loss

103
Q

silver sulfadiazine; a sulfa med used to preven and suppress infections; it’s used on top of burns and wounds

A

Silvadene cream

Pharmacology 2240 (14 decks)

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