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Pharmacology 2240 > Cardiovascular Drugs > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

aspirin for heart attacks and for maintenance therapy, clopidogrel (Plavix)

A

Platelet inhibitors

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2
Q

chew two 325 mg tablets for heart attack emergency or take 1 baby (81mg/day) maintenance

A

Aspirin

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3
Q

high $$, high-selling antiplatelet drug that helps prevent stroke and recurrent MI

A

clopidogrel (Plavix)

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4
Q

nitroglycerin drugs and isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil)–vasodilators that improve coronary blood flow

A

Nitrates

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5
Q

Nitrostat, nitroglycerine paste, Transderm-Nitro, etc.

A

nitroglycerine

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6
Q

(Isordil) another nitrate vasodilator that improves blood flow of heart

A

isosorbide dinitrate

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7
Q

hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), furosemide (Lasix)

A

Diuretics

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8
Q

a low-ceiling thiazide diuretic used in the treatment of HTN

A

HCTZ of hydrochlorothiazide

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9
Q

a high-ceiling loop diuretic used to treat CHF

A

furosemide (Lasix)

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10
Q

propranolol (Inderol), metoprolol (Lopressor), carvedilol (Coreg)

A

beta-blockers

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11
Q

captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), lisinopril

A

ACE-inhibitors

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12
Q

a group of drugs that have negative chronotropic (lowering the heart rate) effects

A

beta-blockers

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13
Q

the first ACE-inhibitor

A

captopril (Capoten)

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14
Q

ACE-I that came after captopril

A

enalapril (Vasotec)

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15
Q

the ACE-I most often prescribed now

A

lisinopril

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16
Q

losartan (Cozaar), and all the drugs ending in “sartan”

A

Angiotensin II rc blockers or ARBs

17
Q

verapamil (Calan)

A

CCBs (calcium channel blockers)

18
Q

renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone

A

endogenous hormones affected by some of these cardiovascular drugs

19
Q

secreted by the kidneys

A

renin

20
Q

secreted downstream from renin

A

angiotensin II

21
Q

adrenal gland hormone secreted further downstream from the others

A

aldosterone

22
Q

HTN drugs that can all be combined with a mild diuretic like HCTZ or with each other (i.e. “Capozide”–combo of capoten/captopril and a mild thiazide diuretic)

A

ACE-Is, ARBs, calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers

23
Q

hydralazine (Apresoline), the ‘race-based’ combo drug BiDil, and minoxidil (Rogaine)

A

other vasodilators

24
Q

an “old time” drug, mostly an arterial vasodilator

A

hydralazine (Apresoline)

25
Q

“race-based” combination drug that contains hydralazine and a nitroglycerin compound (isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine)

A

BiDil

26
Q

vasodilator now marketed as Rogaine for hair regrowth

A

minoxidil

27
Q

digoxin (Lanoxin), dopamine and dobutamine

A

drugs that increae the force of contraction–positive inotropic

28
Q

the most common cardiac glycoside; positive inotropy but negative chronotropy

A

digoxin (Lanoxin)

29
Q

sympathetic agonists with positive inotropy and positive chronotropy, similar to epinephrine (NOT cardiac glycosides)

A

dopamine and dobutamine

30
Q

anticholinergic with positive chronotropic effects (because it lyses the parasympathetic nervous system), used to treat bradycardia

A

atropine

31
Q

statins, cholestyramine (Questran), Vitamin B3 (niacin/Niaspan), and Omega 3 fatty acids

A

Lipid-lowering drugs

32
Q

long acting formulation approved specifically to help lower triglyceride levels

A

Vitamin B3 niacin (Niaspan)

33
Q

a binding resin and an “inert” drug; neither digested nor absorbed into the blood stream but formulated to bind things in the gut and go through

A

cholestyramine (Questran)

34
Q

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors; atorvastatin (Lipitor) and simvastatin (Zocor)

A

statins

35
Q

morphine (Duramorph) and high potassium cardiooplegia solution

A

mescellaneous cardiovascular drugs

36
Q

used to treat the pain of a heart attack

A

morphine (Duramorph)

37
Q

injected into the heart to induce cardiac arrest during open heart surgery

A

high potassium cardioplegia solution

Pharmacology 2240 (14 decks)

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