Module 47 Terms - Speciation

Question 1

Biological species concept

Answer 1

Species are groups of actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups

Question 2

Morphospecies concept

Answer 2

The members of the same species usually look alike, both at a morphological and molecular level

Question 3

Niche

Answer 3

A complete description of the role a species plays in its environment and of its abiotic and biotic requirements

Question 4

Prezygotic

Answer 4

Happen before the fertilization of an egg and prevent fertilization from taking place

Question 5

Postzygotic

Answer 5

Happen after fertilization and prevent the fertilized egg from developing into a fertile individual

Question 5

Geographic/ecological isolation

Answer 5

Physically separated, prezygotic

Question 6

Temporal isolation

Answer 6

Isolated in time, prezygotic

Question 7

Behavioral isolation

Answer 7

Individuals only mate based on specific behaviors, prezygotic

Question 8

Gametic isolation

Answer 8

Incompatibility between the gametes of two different species, prezygotic

Question 9

Mechanical isolation

Answer 9

Unable to physically mate, prezygotic

Question 10

Hybrid inviability

Answer 10

Failure of hybrid to develop, postzygotic

Question 11

Hybrid sterility

Answer 11

Viable hybrids that are sterile, postzygotic

Question 12

Hybrid breakdown

Answer 12

Hybrid sterility only on 2nd generation, postzygotic

Question 13

Speciation

Answer 13

The process by which new species are produced

Question 14

Divergent evolution

Answer 14

When two populations of organisms become genetically and physically different from each other

Question 15

Allopatric

Answer 15

Populations that are geographically separated from each other

Question 16

Sympatric

Answer 16

Populations that are in the same geographic location

Question 17

Adaptive radiation

Answer 17

A bout of unusually rapid evolutionary diversification in which natural selection accelerates the rates of both speciation and adaptation

Question 18

Gradualism

Answer 18

A model in which species change slowly over time, adapting to environments that are changing slowly

Question 19

Punctuated equilibrium

Answer 19

A model in which there are periods of relatively little change, followed by periods of rapid diversification