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BIOD-103 Medical Terminology > Module 4.5 Nervous System Med Terms > Flashcards

Module 4.5 Nervous System Med Terms Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Alges/o

A

pain

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2
Q

Cephal/o

A

head

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3
Q

Cerebr/o

A

cerebrum

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4
Q

Encephala/o

A

brain

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5
Q

Hypn/o

A

sleep

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6
Q

Lob/o

A

lobe

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7
Q

Lumb/o

A

low back

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8
Q

Ventricul/o

A

ventricle

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9
Q

Spin/o

A

spine

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10
Q

Scler/o

A

hardening

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11
Q

Radicul/o

A

nerve root

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12
Q

Papill/o

A

papilla

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13
Q

Neuro/o

A

nerve

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14
Q

Myel/o

A

bone marrow/spinal cord

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15
Q

Mening/o

A

meninges

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16
Q

AD

A

Alzheimer Disease

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17
Q

ADL

A

activities of daily living

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18
Q

CP

A

cerebral palsy

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19
Q

CSF

A

cerebrospinal fluid

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20
Q

CVA

A

cerebrovascular accident

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21
Q

EEG

A

electroencephalogram

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22
Q

TBI

A

traumatic brain injury

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23
Q

PD

A

Parkinson’s Disease

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24
Q

MS

A

Multiple Sclerosis

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25
Q

LP

A

lumbar puncture

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26
Q

ICP

A

intracranial pressure

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27
Q

GCS

A

Glasgow coma scale

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28
Q

Define Alkinesia

A

Loss of or lack of voluntary motion

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29
Q

Define Amnesia

A

Condition in which there is a loss or lack of memory

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30
Q

Define Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

A

Muscular weakness and atrophy, with spasticity due to degeneration of the motor neurons of the spinal cord. Also called Lou Gehrig’s disease

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31
Q

Define Analgesia

A

lack of the sensation of pain

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32
Q

Define Anesthesia

A

temp condition, induced by medications, with a lack of feeling, pain, and responsiveness

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33
Q

Define Anesthesiologist

A

physician that specializes in the study of anesthesia

34
Q

Define Aphagia

A

Lack of the ability to swallow

35
Q

Define Apraxia

A

Lack of the ability to use objects properly or to recognize common objects

35
Q

Define Aphasia

A

Lack of the ability to speak due to a brain lesion or injury

36
Q

Define Asthenia

A

Lack of strength

37
Q

Define Cerebellar

A

Pertaining to the cerebellum

38
Q

Define Cerebral palsy

A

Medical disorder where damage to the motor control centers of the brain causes motor dysfunction

39
Q

Define Chorea

A

Abnormal involuntary movement causing rapid, jerking movements of the face or extremities

40
Q

Define Concussion

A

Head injury with a temporary loss of brain function

40
Q

Define Coma

A

Unconscious state from which the patient cannot be aroused

41
Q

Define Craniectomy

A

Surgical excision of a portion of the skull

42
Q

Discectomy

A

Surgical excision of an intervertebral disk

43
Q

Define Craniotomy

A

Surgical incision into the skull

44
Q

Dyslexia

A

Difficulty reading and writing words

45
Q

Dysphasia

A

Lack of the ability to speak due to a brain lesion or injury

46
Q

Encephalitis

A

Inflammation of the brain

47
Q

Encephalopathy

A

Pathological dysfunction of the brain

48
Q

Epidural

A

Injection of medication into the space above the dura mater as a means of pain control

49
Q

Guillain-Barré syndrome

A

Self-limiting condition where the myelin sheaths covering the peripheral nerves are destroyed, resulting in muscle weakness starting in the periphery and moving proximally

50
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Weakness on one side of the body

51
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis of one half of the body

52
Q

Herniated disc syndrome

A

Compression of the spinal nerve by herniation of the central portion of an intervertebral disk

53
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Literally water in the head, condition where there is an increased amount of cerebrospinal fluid

54
Q

Hyperalgesia

A

Extreme sensitivity to painful stimuli

55
Q

Hyperkinesis

A

Increased muscle movement

56
Q

Intracranial

A

Pertaining to within the skull

56
Q

Lobotomy

A

Surgical incision into the frontal lobe of the cerebellum

57
Q

Laminectomy

A

Surgical excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra

58
Q

Meningocele

A

Congenital hernia or saclike protrusion of the meninges through a defect in the spine or skull

58
Q

Meningitis

A

Inflammation of the meninges of the spinal cord or brain

59
Q

Myelitis

A

Inflammation of the spinal cord

60
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Sleep disorder where recurrent episodes of uncontrollable drowsiness or sleep occur during the day

61
Q

Neuralgia

A

Pain in a nerve or nerves

62
Q

Neuritis

A

Inflammation of a nerve

63
Q

Neuropathy

A

Any disorder affecting the nervous system

64
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Chemical substance that carries nerve impulses between nerve cells

65
Q

Palsy or paralysis

A

Loss of power of voluntary movements and/or sensation in a muscle due to injury or disease of the nerve supply

66
Q

Paraplegia

A

Paralysis of the lower extremities

66
Q

Papilledema

A

Swelling of the optic disk in the eye, caused by increased pressure within the cranium

67
Q

Paresis

A

Slight, partial, or incomplete paralysis

68
Q

Paresthesia

A

Abnormal sensation, numbness, or tingling

69
Q

Polyneuritis

A

Inflammation of many nerves

70
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Paralysis of all four extremities due to injury to the spinal cord

71
Q

Sciatica

A

Severe pain along the course of the sciatic nerve

72
Q

Spondylosyndesis

A

Surgical procedure to fuse vertebrae after removal of the intervertebral disk

73
Q

Subdural

A

Pertaining to below the dura mater, one of the meninges that cover the brain

74
Q

Syncope

A

Temporary loss of consciousness, also known as fainting

75
Q

Tactile

A

Pertaining to the sense of touch

BIOD-103 Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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