Module 4.3 Endocrine Medical Conditions

Question 1

Hypersecretion

Answer 1

too much hormone produced

Question 2

Hyposecretion

Answer 2

too little hormone produced

Question 3

Cushing’s Disease

Answer 3

• when the adrenal cortex produces too much of the hormone cortisol

SX: muscle weakness, fatigue, mood swings, and easy bruising

HTN, increased body weight with fat deposits in the face (moon face), the upper back (buffalo hump), and the trunk, hirsutism, edema, and skin discoloration

Question 3

Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 3

disease with abnormal glucose metabolism

Question 4

insulin dependent diabetes mellitus IDDM

Answer 4

• no longer produce insulin from the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas

-produce insulin from pancreas but cells don’t respond to the insulin

• treated with insulin injections

Both IDDM & NIDDM develop hyperglycemia

Question 5

Hyperglycemia

Answer 5

• elevated blood glucose levels
• can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 6

Ketoacidosis

Answer 6

the body is using fat as its main source of fuel instead of carbs

Question 7

Hypoglycemia

Answer 7

• when blood glucose levels drop below the norm level
• can lead to shock

Question 8

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 8

excess of thyroid hormone secreted by thyroid gland

• caused by Graves’ Disease, thyroiditis, benign or malignant tumors, toxic multi nodular goiter

SX: hyperactivity, nervousness, irritability, sweating, palpitations, weight loss, diarrhea, fatigue

-treated w/ meds, radioiodine tx that destroys thyroid tissue, surgical removal of part of thyroid (partial thyroidectomy)

Question 9

Graves’ Disease

Answer 9

autoimmune disease where antibodies stimulate thyroid to produce too much T4

Question 10

Toxic multinodular goiter

Answer 10

enlargement of the thyroid gland that produces too much thyroid hormone

Question 11

Hypothyroidism

Answer 11

thyroid hormone deficiency

• caused by autoimmune disease Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

SX: tired, weak, dry skin, feeling cold, hair loss, weight gain, dyspnea