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AIM 111 > Module 4 : Operating Systems & File Management > Flashcards

Module 4 : Operating Systems & File Management Flashcards

1
Q

System software

A

Software that runs a computer, including the operating system and utilities

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2
Q

Operating system

A

Program that manages the complete operation of your computer or mobile device and lets you interact with it

-Managing memory
-Providing file management
-Monitoring performance
-Updating Operating System Software
+many more

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3
Q

Platform

A

AKA an operating system

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4
Q

Graphical user interface

A

Collective term for all the ways you interact with the device

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5
Q

Utilities

A

Enable you to perform maintenance-type tasks related to managing computer or device

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6
Q

Software as a service

A

Software that is distributed online for a monthli subscription or an annual fee

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7
Q

Desktop operating system/Personal computer operating system

A

(See picture)

An operating system installed on a single computer

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8
Q

Closed source

A

Program that keeps all or some of the code hidden, enabling developers to control and profit from the program they create

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9
Q

Open source

A

Programs and apps that have no restrictions from copyright holder regarding modification and redistribution (e.g Linux)

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10
Q

Server Operating System

A

(See picture)
Multiuser operating system because it controls a single, centralized server computer that supports many users on networked computers

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11
Q

Vitualization

A

Practice of sharing computing resources, such as servers or storage devices, among cumputers and devices on a network

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12
Q

Mobile Operating System

A

(See picture)
Smartphones, tablets and other mobile devices use this.
Features similar to desktop but focused on need of mobile user and capabilities of the system

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13
Q

Desktop

A

The main workspace
Contains all icons for programs and files, as well as toolbars, taskbars, menus and buttons you can use to start programs and apps

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14
Q

Window

A

Rectangular shaped work area that displays an app or a collection of files, folders and tools

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15
Q

Menu

A

List of related items, including folders, applications and commands

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16
Q

Dialog boxes

A

Windows with controls that let you tell the operating system how you want to complete a command

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17
Q

File

A

Collection of information stored on your computer, such as a text, document, spreadsheet, photo or song

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18
Q

Data file

A

Contains words, numbers and pictures that you can manipulate

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19
Q

Executable file

A

Instructions your computer or device needs to run programs and apps

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20
Q

File format

A

Organization and layout of data in a file

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21
Q

File extension

A

(See picture)
Three or four letter sequence, preceded by a period, at the end of a file name that identifies the file as a particlar type of document

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22
Q

Folder

A

Named location on a storage medium that usually contains related documents

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23
Q

Library

A

Special folder that catalogs specific files and folders in a central location, regardless of where the items are stores on your device

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24
Q

Memory

A

Consists of electonic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by processor, data needed by those instructions and results of processing data into information

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25
Volatile and Non-volatile memory
Volatile - Tempory and loses its contents when power is turned off Non Volatile - Permanent and retains contents even when device is turned off
26
RAM (random access memory)
Temporarily stores open apps and document data while device is on
27
Cache
Temporary storage area designed to help speed up processing time
28
Virtual memory
Capability of an operating system to temporarily store data on a storage medium until it can be “swapped” into RAM
29
ROM (read-only memory)
Memory chips that store permanent data and instructions
30
Flash memory
Non-volatile | Can be erased electronically and rewritten
31
Boot process
Series of steps and checks as computer loads the operating system
32
Bootstrap program
Executes series of tests to check the components, including RAM, keyboard, storage
33
Kernel
Core of operating system | Manages memory, runs programs and assigns resources
34
Input
Data and instructions entered into the memory of a device, incl interacting with your touchscreen or keyboard
35
Output
Information processed into a useful form
36
Buffer
Stores data and information waiting to be sent to an input or output device
37
Spooling
Placing data into a buffer
38
Default settings
Standard settings that control how the screen is set up and how a document looks when you first start typing
39
Shortcuts
Links to files and apps
40
Pointing device
Interact with your computer, touchpad, mouse
41
Keyboard
Has numbers, letters, characters, symbols
42
Maximise button
Expand window
43
Minimize button
Reduce window
44
Close button
Closes open window, app or document
45
Restore down button
Reduces window to its last non-maximized size
46
Active window
Window you are currently using, appearing
47
Program window
Displays a running window
48
Folder window
Displays contents of a folder
49
Resources
Components required to perform work
50
Tile
Shaded rectangle that represents an app of other resource
51
Icon
Small picture that represents a program, file or hardware device
52
Button
What you click to execute commands you need to work with an app, eg, toolbar, taskbar
53
Disk cleanup utility
Finds and removes unnecessary files
54
File management tools
(See picture)
55
Control Panel
Collection of utility programs that determines how windows performs and appears on your computer
56
Settings App
Contains touchfriendly catergories of the most commonly used Windows settings
57
Shortcut menu
List of frequently used commands that relate to an object, typically displayed by right-clicking
58
Virtual machine
Enables computer or device to run another operating system in addition to the one installed
59
User accounts
Identify resources such as apps and storage locations, a user can access when working with the computer
60
Administrator account
Provides full access to computer
61
Kilobytes(KB)
Thousands of bytes of data
62
Megabytes(MB)
Millions of bytes of data
63
Gigabytes(GB)
Billions of bytes of data
64
Cloud
Storage are located on a server that you can acesss through the internet or a network
65
Clipboard
Temporary storage area that hole the selections you copy or cut so you can use them later

AIM 111 (15 decks)

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