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AIM 111 > Module 4 : Operating Systems & File Management > Flashcards

Module 4 : Operating Systems & File Management Flashcards

1
Q

System software

A

Software that runs a computer, including the operating system and utilities

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2
Q

Operating system

A

Program that manages the complete operation of your computer or mobile device and lets you interact with it

-Managing memory
-Providing file management
-Monitoring performance
-Updating Operating System Software
+many more

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3
Q

Platform

A

AKA an operating system

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4
Q

Graphical user interface

A

Collective term for all the ways you interact with the device

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5
Q

Utilities

A

Enable you to perform maintenance-type tasks related to managing computer or device

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6
Q

Software as a service

A

Software that is distributed online for a monthli subscription or an annual fee

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7
Q

Desktop operating system/Personal computer operating system

A

(See picture)

An operating system installed on a single computer

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8
Q

Closed source

A

Program that keeps all or some of the code hidden, enabling developers to control and profit from the program they create

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9
Q

Open source

A

Programs and apps that have no restrictions from copyright holder regarding modification and redistribution (e.g Linux)

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10
Q

Server Operating System

A

(See picture)
Multiuser operating system because it controls a single, centralized server computer that supports many users on networked computers

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11
Q

Vitualization

A

Practice of sharing computing resources, such as servers or storage devices, among cumputers and devices on a network

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12
Q

Mobile Operating System

A

(See picture)
Smartphones, tablets and other mobile devices use this.
Features similar to desktop but focused on need of mobile user and capabilities of the system

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13
Q

Desktop

A

The main workspace
Contains all icons for programs and files, as well as toolbars, taskbars, menus and buttons you can use to start programs and apps

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14
Q

Window

A

Rectangular shaped work area that displays an app or a collection of files, folders and tools

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15
Q

Menu

A

List of related items, including folders, applications and commands

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16
Q

Dialog boxes

A

Windows with controls that let you tell the operating system how you want to complete a command

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17
Q

File

A

Collection of information stored on your computer, such as a text, document, spreadsheet, photo or song

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18
Q

Data file

A

Contains words, numbers and pictures that you can manipulate

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19
Q

Executable file

A

Instructions your computer or device needs to run programs and apps

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20
Q

File format

A

Organization and layout of data in a file

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21
Q

File extension

A

(See picture)
Three or four letter sequence, preceded by a period, at the end of a file name that identifies the file as a particlar type of document

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22
Q

Folder

A

Named location on a storage medium that usually contains related documents

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23
Q

Library

A

Special folder that catalogs specific files and folders in a central location, regardless of where the items are stores on your device

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24
Q

Memory

A

Consists of electonic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by processor, data needed by those instructions and results of processing data into information

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25
Q

Volatile and Non-volatile memory

A

Volatile - Tempory and loses its contents when power is turned off

Non Volatile - Permanent and retains contents even when device is turned off

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26
Q

RAM (random access memory)

A

Temporarily stores open apps and document data while device is on

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27
Q

Cache

A

Temporary storage area designed to help speed up processing time

28
Q

Virtual memory

A

Capability of an operating system to temporarily store data on a storage medium until it can be “swapped” into RAM

29
Q

ROM (read-only memory)

A

Memory chips that store permanent data and instructions

30
Q

Flash memory

A

Non-volatile

Can be erased electronically and rewritten

31
Q

Boot process

A

Series of steps and checks as computer loads the operating system

32
Q

Bootstrap program

A

Executes series of tests to check the components, including RAM, keyboard, storage

33
Q

Kernel

A

Core of operating system

Manages memory, runs programs and assigns resources

34
Q

Input

A

Data and instructions entered into the memory of a device, incl interacting with your touchscreen or keyboard

35
Q

Output

A

Information processed into a useful form

36
Q

Buffer

A

Stores data and information waiting to be sent to an input or output device

37
Q

Spooling

A

Placing data into a buffer

38
Q

Default settings

A

Standard settings that control how the screen is set up and how a document looks when you first start typing

39
Q

Shortcuts

A

Links to files and apps

40
Q

Pointing device

A

Interact with your computer, touchpad, mouse

41
Q

Keyboard

A

Has numbers, letters, characters, symbols

42
Q

Maximise button

A

Expand window

43
Q

Minimize button

A

Reduce window

44
Q

Close button

A

Closes open window, app or document

45
Q

Restore down button

A

Reduces window to its last non-maximized size

46
Q

Active window

A

Window you are currently using, appearing

47
Q

Program window

A

Displays a running window

48
Q

Folder window

A

Displays contents of a folder

49
Q

Resources

A

Components required to perform work

50
Q

Tile

A

Shaded rectangle that represents an app of other resource

51
Q

Icon

A

Small picture that represents a program, file or hardware device

52
Q

Button

A

What you click to execute commands you need to work with an app, eg, toolbar, taskbar

53
Q

Disk cleanup utility

A

Finds and removes unnecessary files

54
Q

File management tools

A

(See picture)

55
Q

Control Panel

A

Collection of utility programs that determines how windows performs and appears on your computer

56
Q

Settings App

A

Contains touchfriendly catergories of the most commonly used Windows settings

57
Q

Shortcut menu

A

List of frequently used commands that relate to an object, typically displayed by right-clicking

58
Q

Virtual machine

A

Enables computer or device to run another operating system in addition to the one installed

59
Q

User accounts

A

Identify resources such as apps and storage locations, a user can access when working with the computer

60
Q

Administrator account

A

Provides full access to computer

61
Q

Kilobytes(KB)

A

Thousands of bytes of data

62
Q

Megabytes(MB)

A

Millions of bytes of data

63
Q

Gigabytes(GB)

A

Billions of bytes of data

64
Q

Cloud

A

Storage are located on a server that you can acesss through the internet or a network

65
Q

Clipboard

A

Temporary storage area that hole the selections you copy or cut so you can use them later

AIM 111 (15 decks)

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