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Nursing Skills > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Type I hypersensitivity

Allergic reactions

A

Classic allergic responses to inhaled allergens and food

Allergic responses to insect stings and drugs

Anaphylactic shock

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2
Q

Proteins prouced by one bacterial species that kill other bacterial species

A

Bacteriocins

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3
Q

Substances that stimulate the production of fever

A

Pyrogen

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4
Q

Predominates in blood

A

T cells

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5
Q

Members of the clone that do not become plasma cells and some of the activated T cells remain in the body as

A

Memory cell

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6
Q

Takes 10-14 days for antibody production

Plasma cells die off as antigen is used up

A

Primary response

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7
Q

Efficient phagocytes

A

Neutrophils

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8
Q

Five granulocytes

A 
Basophils
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Monocytes/macrophages 
Lymphocytes
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9
Q

Leukocytes that produce antibodies

A

B cell

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10
Q

Increased in number during allergies and helminth infection

A

Eosinophils

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11
Q

Type III immune complex reactions

A

Serum sickness

Some autoimmune diseases

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12
Q

Antibody secreting cell produced by a stimulated B cell

A

Plasma cell

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14
Q

Efficient clean up phagocytes

A

Monocytes/macrophages

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15
Q

Stimulated by second exposure to antigen

Plasma cells are capable of secreting antibodies immediately

Memory cells can secrete antibodies when stimulated later

A

Secondary response

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16
Q

Process of weakening pathogens

Live vaccine

A

Attenuated

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17
Q

Antibodies that neutralize toxins

A

Antitoxins

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18
Q

Made from pathogens that have been killed by heat or chemicals

Killed vaccines

A

Inactivated

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19
Q

Contain histamine

Involved in allergic and inflammatory response

A

Basophils

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20
Q

Type II Cytotoxic reactions

A

Blood transfusion incompatibility

Rh factor incompatibility

Myasthenia gravis

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21
Q

An exotoxin that has been inactivated by heat or chemicals

Can be injected safely to stimulate the production of antibodies that are capable of neutralizing the exotoxins of pathogens such as those that cause tetanus, botulism and diphtheria

A

Toxoids

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22
Q

Foreign substances that stimulate the production of specific anti bodies

A

Antigen

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23
Q

Involved in immune system

 B cells
  T cells
A

Lymphocytes

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23
Q

Type IV delayed hypersensitivity or cell mediated immune reactions

A

TB and other skin tests

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24
Q

Mild form of psychological dependence on a drug

A

Drug habituation

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25
Q

Intradermal

A

Slow absorption

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26
Q

Harmful effects of a drug on an organism or tissue

A

Drug toxicity

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27
Q

Oral

A

Slow absorption

28
Q

Study of the absorption distribution Biotransformation and excretion of drugs

A

Pharmacokinetics

29
Q

Sublingual

A

Rapidly absorbed

30
Q

Subcateneous

A

Absorbs slowly

31
Q

Drug is converted to a less active form

A

Biotransformation

32
Q

When one drug increases the action of another

A

Potentiating effect

33
Q

Serum containing antibodies that neutralize toxins

A

Antiserum

34
Q

Beneficial or harmful interaction of one drug with another drug

A

Drug interaction

35
Q

Itching of the skin with or without a rash

A

Pruritus

36
Q

Edema due to increased permeability of the blood capillaries

A

Angioedema

37
Q

Intravenous

A

Rapid absorption

38
Q

Excessive watery discharge from the nose

A

Rhinitis

39
Q

Inability to keep the intake of a drug or substance under control

A

Drug dependence

41
Q

Mechanism of drug action and the relationships between drug concentration and responses in the body

A

Pharmacodynamics

42
Q

Process of creating the most accurate list possible of all medications a patient is taking

A

Medication reconciliation

43
Q

Oral medication contraindicated in pts who

A 
Are vomiting 
NPO
Gastric suctioning
Unconscious
Unable to swallow
44
Q

Buccal

A

Rapidly absorbed

45
Q

Found on the surface of the walls of the intestines and airway in the mucous secretions

A

IgA

46
Q

Host defenses mechanisms-ways in which the body protects itself from pathogens- can be thought of as an army consisting of how many lines of defense

A

Three

47
Q

Which of the following is not part of the body’s first line of defense

A

Fever

48
Q

Each of the following is considered a part of the body’s second line of defense except

A

Lysozyme

49
Q

Which of the following is not a consequence of activation of the complement system

A

Repair of damaged tissue

50
Q

Each of the following is a primary purpose of the inflammatory response except

A

To stimulate the production of opsonins

51
Q

Which of the following cells is a granulocyte

A

Eosinophil

52
Q

Exists in a person who exhibits an unusually low physiological response to a drug and who requires increases in the dosage to maintain a given therapeutic effect

A

Drug tolerance

52
Q

Rectal

A

Slow absorption

53
Q

Intramuscular

A

Rapidly absorbed

54
Q

All of the following would be considered an aspect of microbial antagonism except

A

Production of lysozyme

55
Q

Which of the following function as opsonins

A. Antibodies
B. Antigens
C. Complement fragments
D. Both A and C

A

Both A and C

56
Q

Which of the following statements about interferons is false

A

Interferons are virus specific

57
Q

Which of the following is not one of the four Cardinal signs or symptoms of inflammation

A

Loss of function

58
Q

Of the following which is least likely to be involved in CMI

A

Antibodies

59
Q

Antibodies are secreted by

A

Plasma cells

60
Q

Humoral immunity involves all of the following except

A

NK cells

61
Q

Immunity that develops as a result of an actual infection is called

A

Natural active acquired immunity

62
Q

Artificial passive acquired immunity would result from

A

Receiving a gamma globulin injection

63
Q

The vaccines that are used to protect people from diphtheria and tetanus are

A

Toxoids

64
Q

Natural passive acquired immunity would result from

A

Ingesting colostrum

65
Q

Which of the following statements about IgM is false

A

IgM is a long lived molecule

66
Q

Which of the following could be an effect of type III hypersensitivity

A. Glomerulonephritis
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
C. SLE
D. All of the above

A

All of the above

67
Q

Most likely, immunology got its start in 1890 when theses scientists discovered antibodies while developing a diphtheria antitoxin

A

Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin

Nursing Skills (8 decks)

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