Module 4

Question 1

What should a sample be representative of?

Answer 1

The population of interest in your study

Question 2

What are the sampling types?

Answer 2

Probability and Non-probability

Question 3

What is probability sampling?

Answer 3

1. Includes randomization
2. Helps ensure the sample is representative of the population
3. Helps make inferences from sample to population

Question 4

What is non-probability sampling?

Answer 4

1. Does not include randomization
2. Cannot be sure the sample is representative of the population
3. Difficult to make inferences from sample to population

Question 5

What are the 5 sampling techniques?

Answer 5

1. Simple Random
2. Stratified Random
3. Systematic Sampling
4. Cluster Sampling
5. Deliverate/Convenient Sampling

Question 6

What is a simple random sampling?

Answer 6

1. Every member has the same chance of being chosen
2. The selection of one person does not affect the selection of another
3. Must have access to everyone in the population
   (Best, but most difficult technique)

Question 7

What are examples of simple random techniques?

Answer 7

1. Fishbowl technique
2. Random number table
3. Computer generated

Question 8

What is stratified random sampling?

Answer 8

Dividing the population into groups where each individual can only be assigned to one group so a particular population is represented.

Question 9

What are examples of common stratifications?

Answer 9

1. Sex
2. Age
3. Ethnicity
4. Education level
5. Income

Question 10

True or False?
When using stratified random technique, the size of the sample must be proportionate to the size of your population.

Answer 10

True. If my population is 30% women, my sample should be 30% women

Question 11

What is systematic sampling?

Answer 11

Assigning members of your population numbers and selecting members at regular intervals.

Question 12

Give an example of systematic sampling.

Answer 12

You have 1,000 people. You want to sample 10%. You assign each person a number 1-1000 and you select every 10th person.

Question 13

What is cluster sampling?

Answer 13

Instead of randomly selecting individuals, you randomly select clusters of subjects

Question 14

Give an example of cluster sampling.

Answer 14

Instead of selecting individual students across the state, you randomly select schools and collect data from all of those children.

Question 15

What is deliberate/convenient sampling?

Answer 15

1. Not random
2. You choose participants because they have a particular characteristic or because you have access to them

Question 16

Which populations are usually targeted for deliberate/convenient sampling?

Answer 16

1. Persons with disabilities
2. College Athletes
3. Persons with a specific injury

Question 17

What is sampling error?

Answer 17

The difference due to chance between the population and sample

Question 18

What affects sampling error?

Answer 18

1. The size of the population (the bigger the better)
2. Randomization (the more random the better)

Question 19

How big should the subgroups of your sample be?

Answer 19

At least 30 people

Question 20

True or False?
Random sampling is always possible in research.

Answer 20

False, random sampling is not always possible, so we use random assignment.

Question 21

What is power?

Answer 21

The probability of making a correct decision

Question 22

When do you run a power analysis?

Answer 22

Before your research to determine a sample size