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Medical Terminology > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Function of the endocrine system

A

Controls the secretions of hormones from several glands throughout the body

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2
Q

Glands

A

Organs that secrete or release hormones into the bloodstream.

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3
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical substances released from gland in small amounts

Chemical messengers that transfer info and instructions from one area of the body to another.

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4
Q

What factors do glands and hormones influence? (6)

A

Growth and development
Tissue formation
Metabolism
Homeostasis
Sexual function
Mood

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5
Q

Endocrinologist and endocrinology

A

-physician that diagnosis and treats conditions of endocrine system

  • study of the endocrine system; subspecialty of internal medicine
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6
Q

Name the 8 major glands of endocrine system

A

Pituitary
Pineal
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Pancreas
Adrenals
Ovaries,testes
Thymus

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7
Q

Location and function of the pituitary gland?

A

Base of the brain, under the hypothalamus

Master gland; regulates other endocrine glands

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8
Q

Location and function of the pineal gland?

A

Brain

Regulates sleep

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9
Q

Location and function of the thyroid gland?

A

Neck (anterior)

Metabolism, growth and development

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10
Q

Location and function of the parathyroid gland?

A

Neck (posterior)

Maintains calcium (increase calcium blood levels) and phosphate levels

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11
Q

Location and function of the pancreas ?

A

Epigastric area of abdomen

Blood glucose regulation

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12
Q

Location and function of the adrenals ?

A

Abdomen, above the kidneys

Regulate sodium and potassium, carbohydrate metabolism, sex hormones, epinephrine secretions in emergencies

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13
Q

Location and function of the gonads?

A

Pelvis

Male and female secondary sex characteristics

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14
Q

Location and function of the thymus?

A

Mediastinum

Regulates the immune system

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15
Q

Divisions of the pituitary gland

A

Adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis

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16
Q

Hormones secretes by adenophyophysis

A

Growth hormone (GH)
Adrenocorticotropin Hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Follicle stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Prolactin Hormone
Melanocyte stimulating hormone

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17
Q

Growth Hormone

A

Regulates growth and development of the bones and muscles, and other organs

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18
Q

ACTH

A

Regulates the growth of the adrenal cortex

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19
Q

TSH

A

Stimulates growth of the Thyroid gland

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20
Q

FSH and LH

A

Controls the sex glands in males and females

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21
Q

Prolactin hormone

A

Stimulates the growth and development of the mammary gland.

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22
Q

Melanocyte stimulating hormone

A

Controls skin pigmentation

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23
Q

Target organs of the adenohypophysis hormones

A

TSH: thyroid gland
ACTH : adrenal cortex
FSH and LH: testes and ovaries
Prolactin: breast
GH: liver, bone, muscle,organs

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24
Q

Hormones by the neurohypophysis?

A

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin

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25
Q

ADH

A

Regulates the secretion or reabsorption of water in the kidneys

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26
Q

Oxytocin

A

Stimulates the uterus to contract during childbirth
And the release of milk from the mammary glands

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27
Q

Pineal gland hormones

A

Melatonin
Serotonin

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28
Q

Melatonin

A

Regulates the body’s sleep-wake cycle

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29
Q

Serotonin

A

Stimulates the nervous system by releasing neurotransmitters, smooth muscles and gastric secretions

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30
Q

Hormones of the thyroid

A

Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Calcitonin

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31
Q

T4 and T3

A

Maintains and re guy lates the basic metabolic rate of the body, growth and development , and metabolism of nutrients, water, vitamins, and minerals

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32
Q

Calcitonin

A

Involved in bone and calcium metabolism
(Lowers the blood calcium levels)

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33
Q

Parathyroid gland hormone and it’s function?

A

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Maintaining calcium levels and the metabolism of phosphorous

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34
Q

Islets of langerhans

A

Endocrine portion of the pancreas that consist of cell clusters

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35
Q

What hormones does the islets of Langerhan secrete?

A

Insulin
Glucagon
Somatostatin

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36
Q

Function of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin?

A

Insulin: stimulates cells to take in glucose from bloodstream for metabolism

Glucagon: breaks down glucagon to glucose, increasing blood glucose levels

Somatostatin: decrease production of insulin and glucagon

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37
Q

Gastrointestinal mucosa

A

Epithelial lining of the stomach and intestine; secretes several hormones related to digestion

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38
Q

Four hormones of the gastrointestinal mucosa

A

Gastrin
Secretin
Cholecystokinin
Enterogastrone

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39
Q

Gastrin

A

Stimulates production of gastric acid in the stomach

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40
Q

Secretin

A

Stimulates the secretion of pancreatic enzymes, bile, and other secretions from the intestines involved in digestion of food.

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41
Q

Cholecystokinin

A

Controls the gallbladder

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42
Q

Enterogastrone

A

Regulates secretions from the stomach

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43
Q

Two parts of adrenal glands ?

A

Adrenal cortex (outer portion)

Adrenal medulla ( inner portion)

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44
Q

3 type of hormones from adrenal cortex

A

Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
Androgens

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45
Q

Function and examples of Glucocorticoids

A

Involved in carbohydrate metabolism

Cortisol
Corticosterone

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46
Q

Function and example of mineralocorticoids?

A

Regulation of electrolytes and fluid balance

Aldosterone

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47
Q

Function and example of androgens?

A

Stimulates the development of male sex characteristics.

Testosterone and androsterone

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48
Q

Hormone secreted by adrenal medulla

A

Catecholamines

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49
Q

Function and example of catecholamines?

A

Involved in nervous system regulation; involved in sympathetic nervous system function.

Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

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50
Q

Structures and the gonads

A

Ovaries
Testes
Placenta

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51
Q

Hormones released by the sex organs

A

Ovaries: estrogen and progesterone
Testes: testosterone

-regulates female and male sex organs

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52
Q

Placenta

A

Temporary endocrine organ that secrete hormones involved in the growth and development of the fetus.

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53
Q

Hormones secreted by the thymus

A

Thymosin
Thymopoietin

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54
Q

Cushing Disease

A

When adrenal cortex produces too much of the hormone cortisol.

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55
Q

Common causes of Cushing disease

A

Tumor in the adenohypophysis or a tumor in the adrenal gland

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56
Q

Cushing disease symptoms

A

Muscle weakness, fatigue, mood swings, and easy bruising

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57
Q

Physical exam signs of Cushing disease

A

Hypertension
Fat deposits in the face
Buffalo jump
Hirsutism
Edema
Skin discoloration
Osteoporosis

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58
Q

Diagnosis and treatment of Cushing disease

A

Diagnosis made by testing cortisol levels in the blood

Tumors may need surgical resection

Wean off corticosteroid if patient is using.

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59
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

Disease with abnormal glucose metabolism
- when insulin is either not produced by the pancreas or the cells of the body do not respond to insulin

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60
Q

Two types of diabetes mellitus

A

IDDM: beta cells of pancreas no longer produce insulin

NIDDM: cells do not respond to insulin

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61
Q

Diabetic keto acidosis

A

Condition where the body is using fat as a source of fuel, rather than carbohydrates

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62
Q

Early manifestation symptoms of diabetes?

A

Polyuria
Polydipsia
T1: polyphagja, fatigue, weight loss
T2: blurred vision

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63
Q

Complications of Diabetes mellitus

A

Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Gangrene, foot ulcers
Cataracts, glaucoma, retinopathy
CAD, stroke
Hypertension, renal failure, albuminuria
UTI, impaired healing, chronic skin disease

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64
Q

Hyperthyroidism (definition and causes)

A

Excess of thyroid hormone secreted by thyroid gland

Causes:
Graves’ disease
Toxic multi modular goiter
Thyroiditis
Benign or malignant tumors

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65
Q

Graves’ disease

A

Autoimmune disease where antibodies stimulate the thyroid to produce too much T4

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66
Q

Toxic multinodular Goiter

A

Enlargement of the thyroid gland that then produces too much thyroid hormone.

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67
Q

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism

A

Hyperactivity
Nervousness
Irritability
Sweating
Palpitations
Tachycardia
Intolerance to heat
Weight loss
Diarrhea
Easy fatigue

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68
Q

Hyperthyroidism treatments

A

Medications
Radio-iodine treatments that destroy the thyroid tissue
Partial thyroidectomy

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69
Q

Hypothyroidism definition and causes

A

Deficiency of thyroid hormone

Causes: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Treatments for hyperthyroidism
Radiation treatments
Thyroid surgery
Certain medications

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70
Q

Symptoms of hypothyroism

A

Fatigue
Weakness
Dry skin
Intolerance to cold
Bradycardia
Hair loss
Weight gain
Dyspnea

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71
Q

Treatment for hypothyroidism

A

Supplementation with synthetic thyroid hormone

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72
Q

Misc symptoms of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism

A
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73
Q

Function of nervous system

A

-Coordinates all the activities of the body
-Received info from sensory receptors and then uses this info to coordinate the activities of the muscles, organs, and glands to maintain homeostasis.

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74
Q

Neurology
Neurologist
Neurosurgeon

A
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75
Q

Two divisions of the nervous system

A

CNS: brain and spinal cord
PNS: connects CNS to the rest of the body

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76
Q

What protects the CNS

A

Protected by the skull, vertebrae of the skeletal system, and the meninges

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77
Q

Layers of the meninges

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia Mater

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78
Q

Cerebrospinal Fluid

A

Produced by the ventricles of the brain

Surrounds the brain and spinal cord; cushions and protects these structures from shock.

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79
Q

Main parts of the brain

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Brain Stem

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80
Q

Cerebrum

A

Contain nerve centers that control all sensory and motor activity, memories, consciousness, emotions, and voluntary movement

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81
Q

Cerebellum

A

Coordinates sensory perception and motor output

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82
Q

Parts of the diencephalon

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus

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83
Q

Thalamus

A

Relay center for incoming sensory and motor impulses

-sends messages onto the cerebrum

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84
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Regulates the autonomic nervous system

Serves has a connection between ANS and the nervous system

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85
Q

Brain Stem

A

Connects the spinal cord with the cerebrum and cerebellum

Cranial nerves originates from brain stem and innervate the face and neck

Controls breathing, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, heartbeat, and blood pressure

86
Q

Parts of the brain stem

A

Pons
Midbrain
Medulla oblongata

87
Q

Spinal cord

A

Conducts sensory impulses from the PNS to the brain and motor impulses from the brain to the spinal nerves

Processes the body’s reflexes

88
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Contains the nerves that come from the brain and spinal cord that innervate the rest of the body

89
Q

Cranial nerves

A

12 pairs
Nerves that originate in the brain
Innervate the senses, motor movements of the head/shoulders, swallowing, breathing, speech , and the muscles of the thoracic and abdominal cavities

90
Q

Spinal nerves

A

Originate in the spinal cord
Branch out into smaller nerves that innervate the rest of the body.

91
Q

2 roots of a nerve

A

Dorsal root and ventral root

92
Q

Dorsal root

A

Carries sensory input to the spinal cord to be sent to the brain

93
Q

Ventral root

A

Carries motor output to the muscles and the organs

94
Q

Two divisions of the peripheral nervous system

A

Autonomic and somatic

95
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Controls involuntary functions of the body
Ex. Sweating, gland secretion, blood pressure, smooth muscles

96
Q

Two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

97
Q

Sympathetic branch

A

Activated in emergency situations and creates the fight or flight response to stress.

98
Q

Parasympathetic branch

A

Regulates the daily functioning of the body and maintain homeostasis

99
Q

What is normally looked at when assessing nervous system conditions?

A

Assessment of mental status and memory
Cranial nerve testing
Muscle tone
Gait observation
Reflexes, sensation and coordination

100
Q

What is Dementia?

A

Progressive deterioration of a patients cognitive abilities and memories that then impair ADL, thinking, reasoning, and remembering

101
Q

Four common dementia diseases

A

Alzheimer’s dimentia
Vascular dementia
Frontotemporal dementia
Parkinson’s disease

102
Q

Risk factors for dementia

A

Advanced aging

Frequency of dementia increases with each decade of life.

103
Q

Diagnostic tool for dementia

A

Mini mental state examination (MMSE)

104
Q

MMSE

A

Screening tool used to help with the diagnosis of dementia

Assesses pts memory, orientation, language comprehension, copying and naming .

105
Q

Treatment for dementia

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors

106
Q

What are brain tumors

A

Tumors that decline in the brain that arises from brain tissue or metastasize from other primary tumors

107
Q

Some Symptoms of brain tumors

A

Progression of neurological deficit
Seizure
Headache
Dementia
Personality change
Gait disorder

108
Q

Three imaging that can view brain tumors

A

Position emission tomography scan (PET)

CT scan
MRI

109
Q

Glioma

A

Tumor made of neurological tissue; arising from glial cells

110
Q

Neuroma

A

Tumor of the nerve cell and nerve fibers

111
Q

Oligodendroglioma

A

Malignant tumor of the central nervous system.

More easily removable than astrocytoma and responds better to chemotherapy

112
Q

Astrocytoma

A

Tumor of the brain made of astrocytes

-Most common primary metastatic
-Poor prognosis
-Difficult to surgical remove and poor response to radiation

113
Q

Meningioma

A

Benign tumor of the meninges.

Can be cured by surgical removable

114
Q

Stroke/cerebrovascular accident

A

When blood flow to the brain is disrupted

115
Q

What conditions does cerebrovascular accident refer to?

A

Strokes, aneurysms, etc

116
Q

Two types of strokes

A

Hemorrhagic and ischemic

117
Q

Hemorrhagic stroke

A

When a blood vessel in the brain ruptures

118
Q

Ischemic stroke

A

When a blood clot blocks the flow of blood to the brain

119
Q

Two types of ischemic stroke blood clots

A

Thrombosis
Embolism

120
Q

Embolism

A

Clot travels to the brain from another part of the body

121
Q

Thrombosis

A

A clot that develops in the cerebral artery

122
Q

Compression

A

Blood flow to the brain is disrupted by compression of the artery from the outside, such as a tumor

123
Q

Aneurysm

A

Weakness in the blood vessel wall that is at risk of a hemorrhage

124
Q

Infarct

A

Area of tissue damage or death due to lack of blood supply

125
Q

Treatments for stroke or cerebrovascular accidents

A

Reestablish blood flow very quickly by:
Relieving compression of an artery
Stopping hemorrhages
Removing a blood clot

Require rapid medical support and intervention!

126
Q

Seizures

A

Episode of sudden abnormal excessive activity of the CNS leading to changes in attention or behavior that patient is unable to control

127
Q

Epilepsy

A

Chronic disorder of the brain where a patient experienced recurrent seizures

128
Q

What is Multiple Sclerosis?

A

Disease of the CNS , caused by the immune system (autoimmune)

Characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and then scarring of the nerves

129
Q

Plaque

A

Damage to the myelin stealth

130
Q

Symptoms caused by plaques

A

Tremors
Spasms
Muscle weakness of the limbs
Incoordination
Paraesthesia
Visual and speech disturbances

131
Q

Symptoms of multiple Sclerosis

A

Tremors
Spasms
Muscle weakness of the limbs
Incoordination
Paraesthesia
Visual and speech disturbances
Diminished reflux
Ataxic movement
Dysphasia
Blurred vision

132
Q

Treatments for multiple sclerosis

A

Oral steroid medication for acute attacks or worsening symptoms

133
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Disorder where nerves cells that control movement begin to deteriorate

This decreases the amount of dopamine

134
Q

Symptoms of Parkinson’s disease

A

Tremors of the extremities (start at one side of body and progresses to other side)
Bradykinesia
Akinesia
Rigid limbs
Shuffling gait
Stooped posture

Depression, cognitive impairment , dementia, sleep disorders

135
Q

Treatment for Parkinson’s disease

A

Medications to increase the amount of dopamine are used to manage tremor symptoms and other physical symptoms.

136
Q

Deep brain stimulation

A

Surgical procedure to treat PD when medications are no longer effective.

Surgical planted devices that deliver electric stimulations of the areas of the brain that control movement .

137
Q

Special senses

A

Divisions of the nervous system that has specialized organs devoted to that sense

Ears, eyes, nose, and tongue

These organs are innervated by cranial nerves that detect senses

138
Q

Ophthalmology
Ophthalmologist
Optometry
Optometrist

A

Eye professions

139
Q

Otorhinolaryngology

A

Study of the eras, nose , and throat

ENT

140
Q

Audiology
Audiologist

A

Hearing professions

141
Q

Sections of the ear

A

Outer
Inner
Middle

142
Q

Function and structures of the outer ear

A

Detects sound and funnels sound to the inner structures of the ear

Auricle and external acoustic meatus

143
Q

Structures of the middle ear

A

Tympanic membrane
Ossicles

144
Q

What are the 3 ossicle bones?

A

Malleus
Incus
Stapes

145
Q

Middle ear

A

Air filled cavity in the temporal bone of the skull.

146
Q

Mechanism of the middle ear

A

Sound waves reach the tympanic membrane , it vibrates, and those vibrations travel through the ossicles to the oval window.

147
Q

Structures of the inner ear

A

Oval window
Vestibule
Cochlea
Semicircular canals

148
Q

Cochlea

A

Inner ear structure that contains sensory receptors that sense hearing and transmit vibrations to the brain via the cochlear nerve

149
Q

Cranial nerve pertaining to hearing

A

Cochlear nerve
Vestibular nerve

150
Q

Function of vestibule and semicircular canal

A

Detect the body’s equilibrium , balance, and position.

151
Q

External structures of the eye (5)

A

Orbit
Eyelids
Muscle of the eye
Conjunctiva
Lacrimal apparatus

152
Q

Orbit

A

Cavity in the skull that contains eyeball

Lined with fatty tissue with openings for blood vessels and nerves to travel to eyeball.

153
Q

Function of muscles in The eye
Extraocular muscles

A

Hold eye in place and allow rotational movement.

154
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Mucous membrane that covers eyeball and protects eyeball surface

155
Q

Lacrimal apparatus

A

Produces, stores and removes tears that lubricate and cleanse the eye.

156
Q

Structures of the eyeball (12)

A

Sclera
Cornea
Aqueous humor
Pupil
Iris
Ciliary body
Choroid
Vitrous body
Retina
Macule
Fovea
Optic disk

157
Q

Cranial nerve associated with sight

A

Optic nerve

158
Q

Sclera

A

Outer layer of eyeball, ends at cornea

Forms the supporting wall of the eyeball.

159
Q

Cornea

A

Anterior transparent portion of eyeball

Bends light and directs light through the lens to focus on the retina.

160
Q

Pupil

A

Circular opening in the Iris

Expand and constructs to permit more or less light into the eye.

161
Q

Iris

A

Colored portion of the eye

Controls how much light the pupil will permit

162
Q

Lens

A

Located behind the pupil

Focuses light onto the retina

163
Q

Ciliary body

A

Smooth muscle that changes the shape of the lens and secretes aqueous humor

164
Q

Aqueous humor

A

Intraocular fluid that nourishes the cornea, lens, and surrounding tissues

165
Q

Choroid

A

Internal membrane that prevents the internal reflection of light within eyeball

Also contains blood vessels

166
Q

Vitreous humor

A

Jelly-like material behind lens, maintains eyeball shape

167
Q

Retina

A

Inner most layer of eye which contains photoreceptors cells that detect dim and bright light

Translates light into nerve impulses that are sent to brain via the optic nerve

168
Q

Rods and cones

A

Photoreceptors of the retina

Rods detect dim light and are used for night vision

Cones detect bright light and are used for color vision

169
Q

Purpose of rods and cones

A

Translates light into nerve impulses that are sent to brain via the optic nerve

170
Q

Macule, fovea , and optic disk function

A

The macula is the center portion of the retina that produces even sharper vision with its rods and cones. The fovea is the pit inside the macula with only cones, so vision can be at its sharpest.

Optic disk is blind spot on retina with no rods/cones; where nerve impulses are sent through optic nerve.

171
Q

Structures of the nose (4)

A

Nares
Nasal septum
Nasal cavity
Cilia

172
Q

Sections of the nose

A

External and internal section

173
Q

Cranial nerve of the nose

A

Olfactory nerve

174
Q

Function of the tongue

A

Aids in breathing

Moves food in the mouth while chewing
Moves food to the back of the larynx

175
Q

What nerves are the tongue innervated by?

A

Facial nerve
Glossopharyneal nerve
Hypoglossal nerve

176
Q

Visual acuity

A

Sharpness of vision

177
Q

What method is used to test VA?

A

Snellen eye chart

*multicolored charts used to assess pt ability to recognize different colors

178
Q

Tonometry

A

Measures Intraocular pressure

179
Q

Tuning forks test

A

Used to test for hearing loss

Help distinguish between perceptive hearing loss and conductive hearing loss

180
Q

What does the Rinne test assess?

A

Air conduction Hearing vs bone conduction hearing

181
Q

Describe air conduction vs bone conduction

A
182
Q

Explain the rinne test

A
183
Q

What are the two types of hearing loss?

A

Conductive and sensorineural

184
Q

Describe conductive hearing loss and it’s causes

A

Dysfunction to the middle or external ear; sound cannot travel to inner ear

Causes: obstruction by cerumen
Fluid in middle ear
Stiffness of the ossicles
Separation of ossicles from middle ear

185
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Stiffness of the ossicles

186
Q

Describe sensorineural hearing loss and it’s causes

A

Deterioration of the cochlea

Causes: aging (presbycusis)
Constant exposure to loud sound
Head trauma or disease

187
Q

Treatments for hearing loss

A

Medication
Hearing aids

Cochlear implants: surgically implanted electronic devices used to stimulate the foxholes with sounds detected on a receiver

188
Q

Acute otitis media

A

Bacterial infection of the middle ear

189
Q

Chronic otitis media

A

Describes problem of the middle ear that does not improve; stays constant

Ex. Tympanic membrane rupture
Infection of middle ear that does not improve

190
Q

Explain pathology of acute otitis media

A
191
Q

Symptoms of acute otitis media

A

Otalgia
Hearing impairment
Increased pressure in ear
Fever

Tympanic membrane may appear erythemateous under a otoscope

192
Q

Treatments for AOM/OM

A

Oral antibiotics
Nasal decongestants
Tympanocentesis ; to complete culture and relieve pressure

Myringotomy; drainage of fluid

193
Q

Vertigo

A

Sensation of movement when there is no motion or an exaggerated sense of motion in Response to motion

194
Q

Causes of vertigo

A

Disturbance in the inner ear from. Injury, infection, inflammation, or positioning

195
Q

Meniere’s syndrome

A

Episodic vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and pressure in one ear

196
Q

Benign paroxysmal Positioning Vertigo
BPPV

A

Vertigo due to changing of position of the head

197
Q

Cataracts

A

Opacities of the lens of the eye

Leading cause of blindness

198
Q

Causes and symptoms of cataracts

A

Age
Genetic
Systemic disease (diabetes mellitus)

Symptoms : blurred vision

199
Q

Treatments for cataracts

A

Surgical removal of lens and placement of intraocular lens implant

Phacoemulsification : cataracts is dissolved with ultrasound and then relived, and a lens implant put in place

200
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

Pink eye

201
Q

Causes of conjunctivitis

A

Bacterial/viral infection allergens, chemical irritants, and or trauma

202
Q

Symptoms of conjunctivitis

A

Redness of eye
Increase tearing
Thick discharge from eye (viral:watery; bacterial: purulent )
Itchy and burning light
Blurry vision
Increased sensitivity to light

203
Q

Glaucoma

A

Increased Intraocular pressure due to buildup of fluid that damaged the optic nerve and the photoreceptor cells

204
Q

Explain the pathology of glaucoma

A
205
Q

Two ways aqueous humor leaves the eye

A

Anterior chamber through the Trabecular mesh work

Canal of schlemn into the vascular system

206
Q

Part of the ear that can be obstructed in AOM/OM, causing infection

A

Eustachian tubes

207
Q

Two types of glaucoma

A

Acute angle-closed glaucoma

Chronic glaucoma

208
Q

Difference between Acute angle-closed glaucoma and Chronic glaucoma

A
209
Q

Symptoms and treatments for acute angle closure glaucoma

A

Severe eye pain, blurry vision
Medical emergency

Treatment: IV and topical medication to relieve pressure

Surgical or laser iridectomy to prevent another closure

210
Q

Symptoms and treatment for chronic Glucoma

A

Elevated Intraocular pressure discovered in eye exams

Topical medical to relieve pressure

Trabeculoplasty: laser procedure

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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