module 4

Question 1

cerebrum

Answer 1

largest part of the brain

Question 2

cerebrum divided

Answer 2

cerebral hemispheres by the longitudinal fissure

Question 3

cerebrum separated

Answer 3

separated from the cerebellum by the transverse fissure

Question 4

cerebral hemisphere divided into 5 lobes

Answer 4

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, insula

Question 5

cerebral hemisphere divided into 3 regions

Answer 5

cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, basal nuclei

Question 6

cerebral cortex

Answer 6

outer region of gray matter - contains nuclei

Question 7

cerebral white matter

Answer 7

inter region of white matter - contains tracts

Question 8

basal nuclei

Answer 8

islands of gray matter deep within the white matter

Question 9

primary motor cortex location

Answer 9

frontal lobe

Question 10

primary motor cortex function

Answer 10

generates the somatic motor output that stimulates voluntary skeletal muscle movements

Question 11

premotor cortex location

Answer 11

frontal lobe

Question 12

premotor cortex function

Answer 12

controls skilled, complex motor activities

Question 13

frontal eye field location

Answer 13

frontal lobe

Question 14

frontal eye field function

Answer 14

controls voluntary eye movements

Question 15

brocas area location

Answer 15

frontal lobe

Question 16

brocas area function

Answer 16

controls the muscles involved in the production of speech

Question 17

wernickes area location

Answer 17

temporal lobe

Question 18

wernickes area function

Answer 18

comprehends written and spoken language

Question 19

prefrontal cortex location

Answer 19

frontal lobe

Question 20

prefrontal cortex function

Answer 20

responsible for intellect, cognition, personality and behaviour

Question 21

primary somatosensory location

Answer 21

parietal lobe

Question 22

primary somatosensory function

Answer 22

receives and localises general sensory input, perceives sensations of touch, temperature, pressure, vibration, pain and proprioception

Question 23

somatosensory association area location

Answer 23

parietal lobe

Question 24

somatosensory association area function

Answer 24

interprets general sensory sensory input to recognise objects by touch alone

Question 25

special sensory areas location

Answer 25

occipital, temporal lobes, insula

Question 26

special sensory areas function

Answer 26

receives special sensory input

Question 27

special sensory association areas location

Answer 27

occipital, temporal lobes and insula

Question 28

special sensory association areas function

Answer 28

interpret special sensory input to give meaning to sensations

Question 29

visual areas location

Answer 29

occipital lobe

Question 30

visual cortex function

Answer 30

receives visual input detected by the photoreceptors

Question 31

visual association area

Answer 31

interprets visual input, recognise what we see, stores memories of past visual images

Question 32

auditory areas location

Answer 32

located in each temporal lobe

Question 33

auditory cortex

Answer 33

receives sound input detected by the hair cells in the ear to produce and locate sounds

Question 34

auditory association area

Answer 34

interprets auditory input, allows us to recognise sounds stores memories of past sounds

Question 35

olfactory cortex location and function

Answer 35

temporal lobe, perceives different odours

Question 36

gustatory cortex location and function

Answer 36

insula, perceives taste sensations

Question 37

visceral cortex location and function

Answer 37

insula, perceives visceral sensations

Question 38

vestibular cortex location and function

Answer 38

insula, awareness of balance

Question 39

cerebral white matter three tracts

Answer 39

commissural tracts, association tracts, projection tracts

Question 40

commissural tracts

Answer 40

conduct information between the two cerebral hemispheres

Question 41

association tracts

Answer 41

conduct information between cortical areas in the same hemisphere

Question 42

projection tracts

Answer 42

conduct information between the cerebral cortex and lower parts of the CNS

Question 43

cerebral basal nuclei function

Answer 43

communicate with the motor areas of the cerebral cortex to facilitate smooth skeletal muscle movements

Question 44

white matter function

Answer 44

communication within the CNS

Question 45

basal nuclei function

Answer 45

facilities smooth skeletal movements

Question 46

cerebellum function

Answer 46

ensures smooth, coordinated skeletal muscle movements, and maintains posture and balance

Question 47

diencephalon includes

Answer 47

thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus

Question 48

thalamus function

Answer 48

relay station for information entering the cerebral cortex

Question 49

hypothalamus function

Answer 49

regulates body temperature, food intake, thirst, emotional responses, sleep wake cycle, controls autonomic functions, produces hormones

Question 50

limbic system function

Answer 50

establishes emotional states, controls emotional responses, formation of long term memories

Question 51

midbrain function

Answer 51

mediates visual and auditory reflexes, produces dopamine

Question 52

pons function

Answer 52

controls heart rate and force of contraction, respiration, blood vessel diameter

Question 53

reticular formation function

Answer 53

maintains consciousness

Question 54

concussion

Answer 54

mild brain injury with short lived effects, headache, dizziness, temporary loss of consciousness

Question 55

contusion

Answer 55

bruising of the brain, may cause permanent neurological damage, may result in coma

Question 56

stroke

Answer 56

blood flow to brain area is reduced or blocked and neurone die due to a lack of oxygen and nutrients

Question 57

ischaemic stroke cause

Answer 57

blood clot in a cerebral artery

Question 58

haemorrhaging stroke cause

Answer 58

cerebral blood vessel ruptures and bleeds

Question 59

transient ischaemic attack

Answer 59

mini stroke, blood flow to brain area is temporarily reduced or blocked

Question 60

alzheimers disease

Answer 60

death of neutrons causes the brain to shrink

Question 61

alzheimers disease symptoms

Answer 61

memory loss, confusion and disorientation, personality changes, inability to read, write, talk, eat and walk

Question 62

parkisions disease

Answer 62

loss of dopamine

Question 63

brain protected by

Answer 63

cranium (skull), meninges, blood brain barrier, cerebrospinal fluid

Question 64

cranium

Answer 64

strong and encloses the brain to protect it

Question 65

meniges

Answer 65

dura matter, arachnoid matter, pia matter

Question 66

cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 66

acts as a shock-absorbing medium

Question 67

blood brain barrier

Answer 67

protects neural tissue of the brain from harmful substances