Module 3B Flashcards
Give the 4 examples of proteins.
Collagen
Insulin
Haemoglobin
Enzymes
What type of protein is Collagen and what does it do?
Structual protein that strengthens connective tissue.
What type of protein is Insulin?
Hormone
What does Haemoglobin do and what type of protein is it?
It carries oxygen molecules around the body and that is why its called a carrier molecule.
What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts
What kind of reactions will enzymes catalyse?
Useful ones ONLY. Including; respiration, protein synthesis and photo synthesis.
Enzymes have a high…
Specificity for their substrate molecule.
Explain the lock and key mechanism.
Each enzyme has a different shaped active site. Only one specific substrate molecule can fit into that active site. Once the substrate molecule has fit itself in, it is changed and the reaction is catalysed.
What is the optimum temperature for enzymes?
37 degrees
What is the optimum pH for Pepsin?
pH2 ( breaks down proteins in the stomach, stomach is acidic)
What is the optimum pH for most enzymes?
Neutral pH7
What happens when the temperature or pH levels are taken to extremes?
The enzyme molecule denatures and the active site changes shape.
If the Q10 value of a reaction is 2, what does that mean?
The rate of reaction doubles as the temperature is increased by 10 degrees.
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA base sequence.
What happens when a gene becomes mutated?
The gene will no longer code for or produce the protein it is supposed to.
