Module 1A Flashcards
Explain why the blood in the arteries is under pressure?
Due to contractions of the heart so it is pumped to all areas of the body.
What factors will increase the risk of heart disease?
- High blood pressure
- Smoking
- High salt levels
- High saturated fat levels
How does a diet containing high salt levels increase the risk of heart disease?
Salt elevates your blood pressure, putting a strain on the insides of your artery walls. To cope with the extra strain the muscles in the artery wall become thicker and stronger. This makes the lumen of the artery much smaller and increases your blood pressure even more.
How does a diet containing high saturated fat levels increase the risk of heart disease?
Saturated fats contain cholesterol. This cholesterol will build up on the artery walls forming a thick plaque that restricts the blood flow through the artery and therefore increases blood pressure.
How does smoking increase the risk of high blood pressure/heart disease?
The carbon dioxide in the cigarette will reduce the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells by combining with the haemoglobin protein and the heart needs to contract much more to compensate so that enough oxygen reaches the tissues in the body.
The addictive chemical nicotine will increase the heart rate.
How do narrowed coronary arteries, together with thrombosis, increase the risk of a heart attack?
Blood flow to the heart will be restricted and the heart muscle will receive less oxygen.
What is the diastolic pressure?
The blood pressure when the heart muscle relaxes.
What is the systolic pressure?
The blood pressure when the heart muscle contracts.
What factors increase blood pressure?
Being overweight
Smoking
Drinking too much alcohol
High-stress levels
What factors decrease blood pressure?
LIFESTYLE CHANGES
Regular exercise
Balanced diet
Drugs to control it
What are the consequences of having high blood pressure?
Blood vessels will burst, causing strokes, brain damage and kidney damage.
What are the consequences of having low blood pressure?
Poor circulation and possibly fainting.
Define being healthy.
Being free of disease.
Define someone’s fitness.
Their ability to do physical activity.
List the ways in which you can measure someone’s fitness?
Speed Strength Stamina Agility Flexibility
