Module 1B Flashcards
List the components and functions of a balanced diet?
1) Carbohydrates will provide energy
2) Fats will provide energy, act as an energy store and provide insulation
3) Proteins will help growth and repair of tissue and are sometimes used as energy in emergencies
4) Vitamins and Minerals have various functions
5) Water will prevent dehydration
6) Fibre will improve digestive health
What are carbohydrates made from?
Simple sugars like glucose.
Where are carbohydrates stored?
In the liver as glycogen or converted into fats.
What are fats made up of?
Fatty acids and glycerol.
Where are fats stored?
Under the skin and around organs as adipose tissue.
What are proteins made up of?
Chains of amino acids.
Where are they stored?
They are not stored.
Why are proteins not stored?
Too much protein in the body can be toxic so they’re sent to the liver and removed through deamination.
Explain how a balanced diet will vary with age?
Children and teenagers will need more protein for growth. Older people will require more calcium to protect degenerative bone disease like osteoporosis.
Explain how a balanced diet will vary with gender?
Females need more iron to replace the iron that is lost in menstrual blood.
Explain how a balanced diet will vary with physical activity?
Active people will need more protein for muscle growth and development and more carbs for energy.
Name one diet choice based on religion?
Hindu’s will not eat beef as cows are sacred.
Name two diet choices based on personal preference?
Vegetarians won’t eat meat for reasons of cruelty or fashion.
Vegans also won’t eat ANY animal products.
Why can medical issues affect someone’s diet choices?
They may have an intolerance or allergy to certain foods.
Why do vegetarians need to eat proteins from a wide range of sources?
They need essential amino acids, these amino acids (there are 9/20) can not be produced by the body, however, animals do produce them and so meat eaters will get them from meat. Vegetarians will need to get a variation of these 9 amino acids from different sources.
