Module 3 - Respiratory System Flashcards
Which lung has 3 lobes?
Right Lung
Which lung has 2 lobes?
Left Lung (because of the heart)
What is breathing (ventilation)?
moving air in and out of the lungs
What is external respiration?
gas exchange between air and blood in the lungs
How did the air from the room get into the blood in the lungs?
External Respiration
What is internal respiration?
gas exchange between blood and tissues
How did the oxygen in the RBC travel to the muscles?
Internal Respiration
What is cellular respiration?
using oxygen to produce energy (ATP) and the byproduct is carbon dioxide
What are some functions of nose & pharynx? (6)
– Passageway for respiration
– Receptors for smell
– Filters large particles from air
– Moistens incoming air
– Warms incoming air
– Resonating chamber for voice
What is part of the Larynx?
Epiglottis and Vocal cords
What is the flexible flap of cartilage that routes food and air properly?
Epiglottis
What do vocal cords assist in?
assist in sound production
T/F: oxygen passes in this order:
1.Pharynx 2.Larynx 3.Trachea
TRUE
What makes up the upper respiratory tract? (5)
nose/nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx
What makes up the lower respiratory tract? (4)
trachea, bronchus (bronchi), bronchial tree (bronchioles), alveoli
Where does air go when it travels through the windpipe/trachea?
lungs
Each lung is enclosed in ____ layers of ____ _____.
two layers of pleural membranes
The space between pleural membranes (pleural cavity) contains fluid that does what?
decreases friction when the lungs move
What are alveoli?
microscopic air-filled sacs where gas exchange occurs
T/F: Alveoli have enormous surface area that allows for more gas exchange in a small space.
TRUE
Where does gas exchange occur?
alveoli
What is wrapped around alveoli?
Blood Vessel: Capillary
Explain the process of the gas exchange in the alveoli?
*alveoli, gas, capilary, blood (RBC), CO2, lungs, trachea, mouth
alveoli does a gas exchange with capillary
capillary has blood (RBC) in it
RBC picks up oxygen and drops off CO2
CO2 goes from the alveoli -> lungs -> trachea -> out the mouth
exhale gets rid of the CO2 (waste)
Lungs receive deoxygenated blood from __________?
The right ventricle of the heart.
What kind of capillaries bring blood to the alveoli?
Pulmonary capillaries
Oxygenated blood from the alveolar capillaries travel to ____ ____ of the ____ for distribution throughout the whole body.
left side of the heart
What is tidal volume?
volume of air inhaled and exhaled in 1 breath
What is vital capacity?
maximal volume that can be exhaled after maximal inhalation
What is Expiratory reserve volume?
Volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled beyond the tidal volume
What is residual volume?
volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forceful maximal expiration
How is residual volume measured?
spirometer
98% of oxygen in blood is carried bound to ___________ molecules in red blood cells.
Hemoglobin
What results after spasmodic contraction of bronchi?
Asthma
- chronic inflammatory disease of the airways in the
lungs
- causes swelling and narrowing of the airways, often
accompanied by excessive mucus production
What disease is an inherited condition where abnormally thick mucus in lungs impedes air flow?
Cystic Fibrosis
What disease is a bacterial infection that scars the lungs?
Tuberculosis
– Diagnosis: tuberculin skin test and chest x-ray
– Treatment: antibiotics
Describe COPD in 2 sentences.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a lung disease known by chronic poor air flow
the person usually has shortness of breath and a cough that produces phlegm.
This disease gets worse over time and eventually impedes the person from doing everyday tasks.
