Module 2 - Heart & Blood Vessels

Question 1

_______ are pathways that blood can flow though to reach a target like skeletal muscle.

Answer 1

Blood Vessels

Question 2

What kind of tissue is blood?

Answer 2

Connective Tissue

Question 3

What are the blue colored vessels?

Answer 3

Veins

Question 4

What are the red colored vessels?

Answer 4

Arteries

Question 5

T/F: Blood flows in different directions simultaneously.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Heart and Blood Vessels work together to deliver ______.

Answer 6

Fresh oxygen to all the muscles in the body.

Question 7

The heart does a _____ ______ _____ that is going to push the blood from the inside of the heart to its target organ.

Answer 7

Strong Muscular Constraction

Question 8

Where does blood move through?

Answer 8

Through the arteries and veins.

Question 9

Which direction do arteries flow?

Answer 9

Arteries flow away from the heart. (Carry blood away from the heart)

Question 10

Do arteries carry oxygen-rich or oxygen-poor blood?

Answer 10

oxygen-rich

Question 11

Do arteries transport blood under high pressure or low pressure?

Answer 11

Arteries transport blood under high pressure

Question 12

How are the walls in the arteries?

Answer 12

Walls: thick made up of muscles and connective tissue

Question 13

T/F: The arteries and the veins have muscles in them that help squeeze the blood until it reaches its target destination?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Arteries pump blood up and over a big artery. What artery?

Answer 14

Aorta

Question 15

Which direction do veins flow?

Answer 15

Veins flow in the direction of the heart. (Return blood to the heart)

Question 16

Do veins transport blood under high pressure or low pressure?

Answer 16

Veins transport low pressure blood

Question 17

Do veins carry oxygen-rich or oxygen-poor blood?

Answer 17

oxygen-poor

Question 18

How are the walls in the veins?

Answer 18

Thin

Question 19

In a capillary, blood exchanges substances with what?

Answer 19

Blood exchanges solutes and water with cells of the body.
In the capillary, deoxygenated blood us exchanged with oxygenated blood.

In a capillary we exchange deoxygenated blood with oxygenated blood.

Question 20

Where does the exchange of deoxygenated blood with oxygenated blood happen?

Answer 20

Capillaries

Question 21

What are the 4 major heart chambers?

Answer 21

Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle

Question 22

What are the two upper chambers?

Answer 22

Right Atrium and Left Atrium (Atria)

Question 23

What are the two lower chambers?

Answer 23

Right Ventricle and Left Ventricle

Question 24

What is the Septum in the heart?

Answer 24

Muscular partition separating right and left sides of the heart Heart Chambers

Question 25

What do the four valves in the heart do?

Answer 25

Prevent backflow

Question 26

What are the four valves?

Answer 26

Tricuspid valve (right side) Bicuspid (mitral) valve (left side) Pulmonary valve Aortic valve

Question 27

What are the two atrioventricular (AV) valves?

Answer 27

Tricuspid valve (right side) Bicuspid (mitral) valve (left side)

Question 28

What are the two semilunar valves?

Answer 28

Pulmonary valve Aortic valve

Question 29

How many flaps does the Tricuspid valve and Bicuspid valve have?

Answer 29

Tricuspid valve (right side) - 3 flaps Bicuspid valve (left side) - 2 flaps

Question 30

When the right ventricle squeezes the blood, it travels through the _____.

Answer 30

Pulmonary valve

Question 31

When the left ventricle squeezes the blood, it travels through the _____.

Answer 31

Aortic valve

Question 32

What are the 3 layers of the heart?

Answer 32

Epicardium, Myocardium, and Endocardium.

Question 33

Which layer of the heart is on the outside, middle, and inside?

Answer 33

Epicardium (outside), Myocardium (middle), and Endocardium (inside).

Question 34

T/F: Myocardium is a thick layer of cardiac muscle that creates a strong contraction and is the strong muscular layer of the heart.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

T/F: The strong contraction that the Myocardium makes pushes the blood from the inside of the ventricles up through the valves and then either to the lungs or other parts of the body.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

T/F: There isn't a time where everything is oxygenated and everything is deoxygenated.

Answer 36

True. Its is always alternating between the two.

Question 37

Heart pumps blood via ___ ___ at the same time.

Answer 37

Two circuits

Question 38

What are the two circuits?

Answer 38

Pulmonary circuit and Systemic circuit

Question 39

What happens in the Pulmonary circuit?

Answer 39

Oxygen is picked up at the lungs

Question 40

What happens in the Systemic circuit?

Answer 40

Oxygen is delivered to the whole body

Question 41

Are arteries and veins serving the same region are closely located or far located?

Answer 41

closely located

Question 42

What are coronary arteries and veins? What do they supply?

Answer 42

Arteries and veins that supply the heart muscle itself Supply the myocardium

Question 43

What are the top chambers of the heart called?

Answer 43

Right Atrium and Left Atrium.

Question 44

What are the bottom chambers of the heart called?

Answer 44

Right Ventricle and Left Ventricle.

Question 45

Where does the blood go to pick up oxygen?

Answer 45

Lungs

Question 46

What does an Electrocardiogram do?

Answer 46

Records the heart’s electrical activity. A healthy heart produces a characteristic pattern

Question 47

How does measuring blood pressure work? ?/?

Answer 47

The blood exerts force on the wall of the blood vessels. Indication of how strong the blood is. Systolic blood pressure / Diastolic blood pressure

Question 48

What is Systolic blood pressure?

Answer 48

the first number pressure your blood is exerting against your artery walls when the heart beats Systole (pumping)

Question 49

What is Diastolic blood pressure?

Answer 49

the second number pressure your blood is exerting against your artery walls while the heart is resting between beats Diastole (filling)

Question 50

What is the Lub-dub heart sound?

Answer 50

Lub: closing of both AV valves during ventricular systole Dub: closing of both semilunar valves during ventricular diastole

Question 51

What is the leading cause of death in America

Answer 51

Cardiovascular Disease >740,000 deaths/year

Question 52

What is sudden death of a part of the myocardium called?

Answer 52

A Heart Attack is the sudden death of a part of the myocardium. Symptoms: Strong chest pain and Pain radiates to left arm and jaw

Question 53

What is Angina?

Answer 53

Chest pain or pressure when heart muscle cells do not receive adequate blood flow and is starved of oxygen Symptoms: shortness of breath; sensation of suffocating

Question 54

What is a Stroke?

Answer 54

▪ occurs when blocked or broken arteries in the brain result in the death of brain cells ▪ part of the brain that is damaged loses is the ability to function normally ▪ Primary risk factor = high blood pressure

Question 55

Heart transplants are expensive. What are the Post-transplantable survival years?

Answer 55

approximately 15 years

Question 56

What is the shortage problem those waiting for a heart transplant are facing?

Answer 56

They are facing a shortage of healthy hearts.

Question 57

What does exercise do for blood?

Answer 57

▪ increases Blood flow to active skeletal muscles ▪ increases Cardiac output to maintain blood pressure to the skeletal muscles

Question 58

What can reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease? (7)

Answer 58

(1) Keeping cholesterol levels under control, (2) increasing moderate exercise, (3) lowering blood pressure, (4) having a healthy weight, (5) managing diabetes, (6) decreasing stress, and (7) stopping smoking can help reduce my risk of cardiovascular disease.