module 3 key terms Flashcards
A listing of all the books, periodicals, and other resources owned by a library.
catalogue
A number used in libraries to classify books and periodicals and to indicate where they can be found on the shelves.
call number
A work that synthesizes a large amount of related information for easy access by researchers.
reference work
A research aid that catalogues articles from a large number of magazines, journals, and newspapers.
newspaper and periodical database
A summary of a magazine or journal article, written by someone other than the original author.
abstract
A database that catalogues articles from scholarly journals.
academic database
An organization that, in the absence of a clearly identified author, is responsible for the content of a document on the Internet.
sponsoring organization
An interview conducted to gather information for a speech.
research interview
A list compiled early in the research process of works that look as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.
preliminary bibliography
Putting a speech together in a particular way to achieve a particular result with a particular audience.
strategic organization
The major points developed in the body of a speech.
main points
A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern.
chronological order
A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a directional pattern.
spatial order
A method of speech organization in which the main points show a cause-effect relationship.
causal order
A method of organizing persuasive speeches in which the first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the second main point presents a solution to the problem.
problem-solution order
A method of speech organization in which the main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics.
topical order
The materials used to support a speaker’s ideas. The three major kinds of supporting materials are examples, statistics, and testimony.
supporting materials
A word or phrase that connects the ideas of a speech and indicates the relationships among them.
connective
A word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another.
transition
A statement in the body of the speech that lets the audience know what the speaker is going to discuss next.
internal preview
A statement in the body of the speech that summarizes the speaker’s preceding point(s).
internal summary
A very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention on key ideas.
signpost
The materials used to support a speaker’s ideas. The three major kinds of supporting materials are examples, statistics, and testimony.
supporting materials
A specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.
example
A specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point.
brief example
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point.
extended example
An example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation.
hypothetical example
Numerical data.
statistics
The average value of a group of numbers.
mean
The middle number in a group of numbers arranged from highest to lowest.
median
The number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers.
mode
Quotations or paraphrases used to support a point.
testimony
Testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields.
expert testimony
Testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic.
peer testimony
Testimony that is presented word for word.
direct quotation
To restate or summarize an author’s ideas in one’s own words.
paraphrase
Quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it.
quoting out of context
A speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding.
informative speech
Anything that is visible, tangible, and stable in form.
object
A systematic series of actions that leads to a specific result or product.
process
Anything that happens or is regarded as happening.
event
A belief, theory, idea, notion, principle, or the like.
concept
A statement that depicts a person, event, idea, or the like with clarity and vividness.
description
A statement of the similarities among two or more people, events, ideas, etc.
comparison
A statement of the differences among two or more people, events, ideas, etc.
contrast
To present one’s ideas in human terms that relate in some fashion to the experience of the audience.
personalize
