module 2

Question 1

a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas

Answer 1

brainstorming

Question 2

when your general purpose is to ________, you act as a teacher or lecturer

Answer 2

inform

Question 3

when you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to _______

Answer 3

persuade

Question 4

a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in her or his speech

Answer 4

specific purpose statement

Question 5

a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech

Answer 5

central idea

Question 6

t or f: the central idea of a speech is usually formulated before the specific purpose

Answer 6

false, the central idea is usually formulated after the specific purpose

Question 7

identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: “Why should the university raise tuition?”

Answer 7

its expressed as a question, a specific purpose statement should always be expressed as a statement

Question 8

identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: “To persuade my audience that our state legislature should protect Internet privacy and increase spending for education.”

Answer 8

it contains two unrelated ideas

Question 9

identify the flaw in the following central idea for a speech: “Something should be done about rising sea levels.”

Answer 9

it’s too vague

Question 10

t or f: although the specific purpose statement for a speech should not be phrased as a question, it is acceptable to phrase the central idea as a question

Answer 10

false

Question 11

what a speaker wants the audience to remember after they have forgotten everything else in a speech

Answer 11

residual message

Question 12

t or f: the central idea for a speech should be stated as a full sentence

Answer 12

true

Question 13

research has demonstrated that visual aids, when used well, can increase a speaker’s

Answer 13

clarity, confidence, and credibility

Question 14

t or f: using visual aids can help a speaker combat stage fright

Answer 14

true

Question 15

what is a major factor to consider when deciding whether to use an object as a visual aid?

Answer 15

its size, some are too large and some are too small

Question 16

If you want to use a photograph as a visual aid for a speech, your textbook recommends that you

Answer 16

show the photograph to the audience by using presentation technology

Question 17

t or f: a pie graph should ideally have from two to five segments

Answer 17

true

Question 18

if you were delivering a speech about unemployment and wanted to show changes in the unemployment rate over the last decade, you should use a ____________ graph

Answer 18

line

Question 19

t or f: it is crucial to fit all the information you want your audience to retain on a single chart

Answer 19

false, charts must be uncluttered and easy to read so if you can’t fit it all on one chart, make another one

Question 20

t or f: distributing handouts is usually an excellent way to present visual aids during a speech

Answer 20

false, presentation technology is almost always more effective than handouts

Question 21

t or f: when delivering a speech, you should display visual aids only while discussing them

Answer 21

true

Question 22

t or f: one advantage of using video in a speech is that it involves less work than other kinds of visual aids

Answer 22

false, using a video requires a great deal of time and effort

Question 23

t or f: when preparing charts and graphs, you should use a large number of colors in order to grab your audience’s attention

Answer 23

false, charts and graphs contain a limited number of colors

Question 24

t or f: when preparing a visual aid, you should use ALL CAPS because it is easier to read

Answer 24

false, it has been shown that all caps are harder to read than normal text

Question 25

t or f: you should usually work out the exact wording of the introduction after you have finished preparing the body of your speech

Answer 25

true

Question 26

as your textbook explains, even when you use other interest-arousing lures in a speech introduction, you should always ____________.

Answer 26

relate the topic to the audience

Question 27

type of speech conclusion that generations emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement

Answer 27

dissolve ending

Question 28

identifies the main points to be discussed in the body of the speech

Answer 28

preview statement

Question 29

t or f: the conclusion should normally make up about 20 to 25 percent of your speech

Answer 29

false, it should take up no more than 5 to 10 percent of your speech

Question 30

the audience's perception of whether the speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic

Answer 30

credibility

Question 31

an excellent way to give your speech psychological unity is to conclude by

Answer 31

referring to ideas in the introduction

Question 32

ending where the speech builds force until it reaches a zenith of power and intensity

Answer 32

crescendo ending

Question 33

when you advocate a highly unpopular position, it is particularly important to ____________ in the introduction of your speech

Answer 33

establish goodwill toward the audience

Question 34

a direct appeal to your audience for action is most appropriate in the conclusion of a(n) ____________ speech

Answer 34

persuasive

Question 35

question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud

Answer 35

rhetorical question

Question 36

the audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind

Answer 36

goodwill

Question 37

usually the last element of a speech introduction and provides a smooth lead-in to the body of the speech

Answer 37

preview statement

Question 38

a detailed outline developed during the planning stage of a speech

Answer 38

preparation

Question 39

a preparation outline should include...

Answer 39

a bibliography, specific purpose statement, central idea, and connectives

Question 40

the pattern of symbolization and indentation in a speech outline shows the ____________ of the speech

Answer 40

visual framework

Question 41

t or f: in a preparation outline, the most important ideas are placed farthest to the left and the less important ideas are placed progressively farther to the right

Answer 41

true

Question 42

t or f: in a preparation outline, you should state your main points in brief phrases

Answer 42

false, you should state your main points in full sentences to ensure you develop your ideas fully

Question 43

list of the sources used in preparing a speech

Answer 43

bibliography

Question 44

t or f: when selecting a title for your speech, you should avoid phrasing it as a question

Answer 44

false

Question 45

a brief outline used to jog a speaker's memory during the presentation of a speech

Answer 45

speaking outline

Question 46

when preparing a speaking outline, you should...

Answer 46

give yourself cues for delivering the speech

Question 47

t or f: in a preparation outline, main points are identified by capital letters

Answer 47

false, main points are identified by Roman numerals, subpoints are capital letters

Question 48

t or f: in a preparation outline, main points and subpoints should be written as full sentences

Answer 48

true

Question 49

in a speaking outline, words such as "pause," "faster here," and "slow down" are ____________ that help a speaker remember how she or he wants to present key parts of the speech

Answer 49

delivery cues

Question 50

a speech title should...

Answer 50

be brief, encapsulate the main thrust of your speech, and attract the attention of your audience

Question 51

t or f: good delivery does not call attention to itself

Answer 51

true, good delivery communicates the speaker's ideas without calling attention to itself or distracting the audience

Question 52

communication based on a person's use of voice and body rather than on the use of words

Answer 52

nonverbal communication

Question 53

when accuracy is essential and a speech must be delivered word for word, ____________ delivery is most appropriate

Answer 53

manuscript

Question 54

speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation

Answer 54

impromptu

Question 55

the lowness and highness of a speaker's voice

Answer 55

pitch

Question 56

the changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker's voice

Answer 56

inflections

Question 57

changes in a speaker's rate, pitch, and volume are referred to as...

Answer 57

vocal variety

Question 58

sloppy ____________ is the failure to form particular speech sounds crisply and distinctly

Answer 58

articulation

Question 59

violating the accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language is an error in ____________

Answer 59

pronunciation

Question 60

variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary

Answer 60

dialect

Question 61

upon reaching the lectern to start a speech, you should...

Answer 61

make eye contact with your listeners

Question 62

t or f: the primary rule of using gestures in a speech is to gesture frequently and emphatically so that listeners notice what you are doing

Answer 62

false, whatever gestures you make shouldn't draw attention to themselves or distract from your message

Question 63

t or f: "Conversational quality" refers to speech delivery that sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed

Answer 63

true

Question 64

t or f: the best rate for effective public speaking is 110 words per minute

Answer 64

false, there is no uniform rate for effective public speaking

Question 65

as Mark Twain noted, "The right word may be effective, but no word was ever as effective as a rightly timed ____________Blank."

Answer 65

pause