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public speaking > module 2 > Flashcards

module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas

A

brainstorming

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2
Q

when your general purpose is to ________, you act as a teacher or lecturer

A

inform

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3
Q

when you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to _______

A

persuade

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4
Q

a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in her or his speech

A

specific purpose statement

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5
Q

a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech

A

central idea

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6
Q

t or f: the central idea of a speech is usually formulated before the specific purpose

A

false, the central idea is usually formulated after the specific purpose

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7
Q

identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: “Why should the university raise tuition?”

A

its expressed as a question, a specific purpose statement should always be expressed as a statement

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8
Q

identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: “To persuade my audience that our state legislature should protect Internet privacy and increase spending for education.”

A

it contains two unrelated ideas

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9
Q

identify the flaw in the following central idea for a speech: “Something should be done about rising sea levels.”

A

it’s too vague

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10
Q

t or f: although the specific purpose statement for a speech should not be phrased as a question, it is acceptable to phrase the central idea as a question

A

false

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11
Q

what a speaker wants the audience to remember after they have forgotten everything else in a speech

A

residual message

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12
Q

t or f: the central idea for a speech should be stated as a full sentence

A

true

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13
Q

research has demonstrated that visual aids, when used well, can increase a speaker’s

A

clarity, confidence, and credibility

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14
Q

t or f: using visual aids can help a speaker combat stage fright

A

true

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15
Q

what is a major factor to consider when deciding whether to use an object as a visual aid?

A

its size, some are too large and some are too small

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16
Q

If you want to use a photograph as a visual aid for a speech, your textbook recommends that you

A

show the photograph to the audience by using presentation technology

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17
Q

t or f: a pie graph should ideally have from two to five segments

A

true

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18
Q

if you were delivering a speech about unemployment and wanted to show changes in the unemployment rate over the last decade, you should use a ____________ graph

A

line

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19
Q

t or f: it is crucial to fit all the information you want your audience to retain on a single chart

A

false, charts must be uncluttered and easy to read so if you can’t fit it all on one chart, make another one

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20
Q

t or f: distributing handouts is usually an excellent way to present visual aids during a speech

A

false, presentation technology is almost always more effective than handouts

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21
Q

t or f: when delivering a speech, you should display visual aids only while discussing them

A

true

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22
Q

t or f: one advantage of using video in a speech is that it involves less work than other kinds of visual aids

A

false, using a video requires a great deal of time and effort

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23
Q

t or f: when preparing charts and graphs, you should use a large number of colors in order to grab your audience’s attention

A

false, charts and graphs contain a limited number of colors

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24
Q

t or f: when preparing a visual aid, you should use ALL CAPS because it is easier to read

A

false, it has been shown that all caps are harder to read than normal text

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25
Q

t or f: you should usually work out the exact wording of the introduction after you have finished preparing the body of your speech

A

true

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26
Q

as your textbook explains, even when you use other interest-arousing lures in a speech introduction, you should always ____________.

A

relate the topic to the audience

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27
Q

type of speech conclusion that generations emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement

A

dissolve ending

28
Q

identifies the main points to be discussed in the body of the speech

A

preview statement

29
Q

t or f: the conclusion should normally make up about 20 to 25 percent of your speech

A

false, it should take up no more than 5 to 10 percent of your speech

30
Q

the audience’s perception of whether the speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic

A

credibility

31
Q

an excellent way to give your speech psychological unity is to conclude by

A

referring to ideas in the introduction

32
Q

ending where the speech builds force until it reaches a zenith of power and intensity

A

crescendo ending

33
Q

when you advocate a highly unpopular position, it is particularly important to ____________ in the introduction of your speech

A

establish goodwill toward the audience

34
Q

a direct appeal to your audience for action is most appropriate in the conclusion of a(n) ____________ speech

A

persuasive

35
Q

question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud

A

rhetorical question

36
Q

the audience’s perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind

A

goodwill

37
Q

usually the last element of a speech introduction and provides a smooth lead-in to the body of the speech

A

preview statement

38
Q

a detailed outline developed during the planning stage of a speech

A

preparation

39
Q

a preparation outline should include…

A

a bibliography, specific purpose statement, central idea, and connectives

40
Q

the pattern of symbolization and indentation in a speech outline shows the ____________ of the speech

A

visual framework

41
Q

t or f: in a preparation outline, the most important ideas are placed farthest to the left and the less important ideas are placed progressively farther to the right

A

true

42
Q

t or f: in a preparation outline, you should state your main points in brief phrases

A

false, you should state your main points in full sentences to ensure you develop your ideas fully

43
Q

list of the sources used in preparing a speech

A

bibliography

44
Q

t or f: when selecting a title for your speech, you should avoid phrasing it as a question

A

false

45
Q

a brief outline used to jog a speaker’s memory during the presentation of a speech

A

speaking outline

46
Q

when preparing a speaking outline, you should…

A

give yourself cues for delivering the speech

47
Q

t or f: in a preparation outline, main points are identified by capital letters

A

false, main points are identified by Roman numerals, subpoints are capital letters

48
Q

t or f: in a preparation outline, main points and subpoints should be written as full sentences

A

true

49
Q

in a speaking outline, words such as “pause,” “faster here,” and “slow down” are ____________ that help a speaker remember how she or he wants to present key parts of the speech

A

delivery cues

50
Q

a speech title should…

A

be brief, encapsulate the main thrust of your speech, and attract the attention of your audience

51
Q

t or f: good delivery does not call attention to itself

A

true, good delivery communicates the speaker’s ideas without calling attention to itself or distracting the audience

52
Q

communication based on a person’s use of voice and body rather than on the use of words

A

nonverbal communication

53
Q

when accuracy is essential and a speech must be delivered word for word, ____________ delivery is most appropriate

A

manuscript

54
Q

speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation

A

impromptu

55
Q

the lowness and highness of a speaker’s voice

A

pitch

56
Q

the changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker’s voice

A

inflections

57
Q

changes in a speaker’s rate, pitch, and volume are referred to as…

A

vocal variety

58
Q

sloppy ____________ is the failure to form particular speech sounds crisply and distinctly

A

articulation

59
Q

violating the accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language is an error in ____________

A

pronunciation

60
Q

variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary

A

dialect

61
Q

upon reaching the lectern to start a speech, you should…

A

make eye contact with your listeners

62
Q

t or f: the primary rule of using gestures in a speech is to gesture frequently and emphatically so that listeners notice what you are doing

A

false, whatever gestures you make shouldn’t draw attention to themselves or distract from your message

63
Q

t or f: “Conversational quality” refers to speech delivery that sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed

A

true

64
Q

t or f: the best rate for effective public speaking is 110 words per minute

A

false, there is no uniform rate for effective public speaking

65
Q

as Mark Twain noted, “The right word may be effective, but no word was ever as effective as a rightly timed ____________Blank.”

A

pause

public speaking (7 decks)

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