Module 3 - chapter 7 key terms

Question 1

Periodicity

Answer 1

Repeating trend in the properties of the elements across each period.

Question 2

Periods

Answer 2

Elements arranged in horizontal rows

Question 3

Groups

Answer 3

Elements arranged in vertical columns

Question 4

Periodic table

Answer 4

The arrangement of elements by increasing atomic (proton) number, in periods showing repeating trends in physical and chemical properties (periodicity), in groups having similar chemical properties.

Question 5

First ionisation energy

Answer 5

The energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms of an element to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions

Question 6

Electron shielding effect

Answer 6

Electrons are negatively charged so inner shell electrons repel outer shell electrons. This repulsion reduces the attraction between the nucleus and the outer shell electrons.

Question 7

Second ionisation energy

Answer 7

The energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous 1+ ions of an element to form one mole of gaseous 2+ ions.

Question 8

Metallic bonding

Answer 8

The strong electrostatic attraction between cations (positive ions) and delocalised electrons.

Question 9

Giant metallic lattice

Answer 9

In metal structures billions of metal ions are held together by metallic bonding in a giant metallic lattice.

Question 10

Giant covalent lattice

Answer 10

Many billions of atoms held together by a network fo strong covalent bonds