Chapter 24 - transition elements key terms

Question 1

d-block elements

Answer 1

Found between group 2 and group 13 of the periodic table. They have their highest energy electron in a d orbital. Electrons are added to d orbitals.

Question 2

Transition elements

Answer 2

d-block elements that form at least one ion with a partially filled d orbital.

Question 3

heterogenous catalysts

Answer 3

The catalyst is in a different state or phase to the reactants.

Question 4

Homogenous catalysts

Answer 4

Catalyst is in the same physical state as the reactants

Question 5

Ligand

Answer 5

A molecule or ion that donates a pair of electrons to a central metal ion to form a coordinate bond or dative covalent bond.

Question 6

Dative covalent/coordinate bond

Answer 6

A special type of covalent bond that’s formed when one of the bonded atoms provides both of the electrons for the shared pair.

Question 7

Coordination number

Answer 7

Indicates the number of coordinate bonds attached to the central metal ion.

Question 8

Monodentate ligand

Answer 8

A ligand that is able to donate one pair of electrons to a central metal ion

Question 9

Bidentate ligand

Answer 9

Ligands that can donate two pairs of electrons to the central metal ion, forming two coordinate bonds

Question 10

Precipitation reaction

Answer 10

occurs when two aqueous solutions containing ions react together to form an insoluble ionic solid, called a precipitate.

Question 11

Ligand substitution reaction

Answer 11

one in which one ligand in a complex ion is replaced with another ligand.

Question 12

Complex ion

Answer 12

Consists of a central metal ion bonded to ligands by coordinate bonds.