module 3

Question 1

Edward Osborne Wilson

Answer 1

first to say “biodiversity”

Question 2

what is ecosystem diversity?
what is species diversity?
what is genetic diversity?

Answer 2

a) the variety of habitats present
b) a measure of the # of species and # of individuals of each species
c) total amoint of genetic variablilty present

Question 3

Taxonomy

Answer 3

practice of classifying organisms into a ladder

taxis = arrangement
nomos = law

Question 4

Nomenclature

Answer 4

latin words

nomen= name
calare = to call

Question 5

phylogenetics

Answer 5

study of evolutionary history or relationships of organisms

Question 6

how was the ladder of taxonomy made?

Answer 6

if you could move or not

Question 7

Carolus Linneius

Answer 7

swedidh botonist who loved classification (he was the OG of classification)

Question 8

what system of classification did Carolus come up with

Answer 8

7 levels

1 imperuim (empire)
2 regnum (kindom)
3 classis (class)
4 ordo (order)
5 genus
6 species
7 variety

Question 9

what 3 traits do all mamals have

Answer 9

hair - (warmth and sensory)

mammary glands - (sweat and milk)

3 ear bones - (sound to brain process)

Question 10

all rodent have 1 common trait. What is it?

Answer 10

dentition highlt specialized for gnawing

Question 11

ernst haeckel

Answer 11

added 3rd kindom

added protista

Question 12

eduard chatton

Answer 12

added 4th kindom

added monera

Question 13

robert whittaker

Answer 13

added 5th kingdom

added fungi

Question 14

carl woese

Answer 14

divided monera into bacteria, archea, and eukarya

Question 15

membrane lipids in bacteria

Answer 15

ester-linked unbranched

Question 16

membrane lipids in archea

Answer 16

ester-linked branched

Question 17

peptidoglycans

Answer 17

composed of carbohydrates cross-linked by peptides (2 or more amino acids linked in chain)

Question 18

what are the rules to the binomial nomenclature system?

Answer 18

-each type of organism has only 1 name
-no type kinds of organism can have the same name

made by carolus linneaus

Question 19

name the 3 types of mammal;s (class mammalia)

Answer 19

placentals (eutheria) uterus
marsupials (metatheria) pouch
monotremes (prototheria) eggs

Question 20

what is a holotype?

Answer 20

name-bearing type of a species when it was established

there is a holotype for each species

Question 21

what is an Allotype

Answer 21

a specimen of opposite sex to the holotype

Question 22

what is a Paratype

Answer 22

specimens of the type series other than the holotype

Question 23

What are “species” ?

Answer 23

Organisms classified based on their appearance (observable
phenotypes) = the morphological species concept

Question 24

Morphology =

Answer 24

outward appearance

but its hard sometimes

Question 25

who was Theodosius Dobzhansky

Answer 25

american geneticist

proposed that: each species is reproductively isolated from other species

Question 26

Prezygotic reproductive barriers

Answer 26

1) habitat isolation
2) temporal isolation - diff time of year

3) behavioural isolation - not sexy
4) mechanical isolation - pp is smol
5) gamete isolation - die before gro

Question 27

Postzygotic reproductive barriers

Answer 27

1) hybrid inviability - stay kid 4evr
2) hybrid sterility - cant have kid
3) hybrid breakdown - kid is weak/infertile